Abstract
The children’s market has become significantly more important to marketers in recent years. They have been spending increasing amounts on advertising, particularly of food and beverages, to reach this segment. At the same time, there is a critical debate among parents, government agencies, and industry experts as to the ethics of food advertising practices aimed toward children. The␣present study examines parents’ ethical views of food advertising targeting children. Findings indicate that parents’ beliefs concerning at least some dimensions of moral intensity are significantly related to their ethical judgments and behavioral intentions of food advertising targeting children as well as the perceived moral intensity of the situation.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Ahuja, Roshan D., Mary Walker, and Raghu Tadepalli (2001), “Paternalism, Limited Paternalism, and the Pontius Plate Plight When Researching Children,” Journal of Business Ethics, 32, 81–92.
Barnett, Tim (2001), “Dimensions of Moral Intensity And Ethical Decision Making: An Empirical Study,” Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 31 (5), 1038–1057.
Bass, Kenneth, Tim Barnett, and Gene Brown (1999), “Individual Difference Variables, Ethical Judgments, And Ethical Behavioral Intentions,” Business Ethics Quarterly, 9 (2), 183–205.
Bolton, Ruth N. (1983), Modeling The Impact of Television Food Advertising on Children’s Diets,” In James H. Leigh, Claude.R. Martin, Jr. (Ed.), Current Issues and Research In Advertising, pp.173–199). Ann Arbor, MI: Division of Research, Graduate School of Business Administration, University of Michigan.
Carlson, Les and Sanford Grossbart (1988), “Parental Style and Consumer Socialization of Children,” Journal of Consumer Research, 15 77–94.
Crosby, Lawrence A. and Sanford L. Grossbart (1984), “Parental Style Segments and Concern About Children’s Food Advertising,” in Current Issues and Research in Advertising, James H. Leigh and Claude R. Martin, Jr. eds., Ann Arbor, MI: Division of Research, Graduate School of Business Administration, University of Michigan, 43–63.
Crosby, L. A., S. L. Grossbart, J. L. Robb and L. Carlson: 1982, ‹Mothers’ Support For Nutrition Education: A Segmentation Analysis’, in B. J. Walker, W. O. Bearden, W. R. Darden, P. E. Murphy, J. R. Nevin, J. C. Olson and B. A. Weitz (eds.), An Assessment of Marketing Thought and Practice, American Marketing Association Educators’ Proceedings (American Marketing Association, Chicago)
Dubinsky, A. J. and B. Loken (1989), “Analyzing Ethical Decision Making In Marketing,” Journal of Business Research, 19, 83–107.
Fishbein, Martin and Ajzen Icek (1975), Belief, Attitude, Intention, and Behavior: An Introduction to Theory and Research, Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley.
Forsyth, Donelson R. (1980), “A Taxonomy of Ethical Ideologies,” Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 39 (1), 175–184.
Forsyth, Donelson R. (1992), “Judging the Morality of Business Practices: The Influence of Personal Moral Philosophies,” Journal of Business Ethics, 11, 461- 470.
Goldberg, M. E. and G. J. Gorn: 1974, ‹Children’s Reactions to television Advertising: An Experimental Approach’, Journal of Consumer Research 1(September), 69–75
Goldberg, M. E., G. J. Gorn and W. Gibson: 1978, ‹TV Messages for Snack and Breakfast Foods: Do They Influence Children’s Preferences’, Journal of Consumer Research 5(September), 73–81
Gorn, G. J. and M. E. Goldberg: 1977, ‹The Impact of Television Advertising on Children from Low Income Families’, Journal of Consumer Research 4(September), 86–88
Grimm, M.: 2004, ‹Is Marketing to Kids Ethical?’ Brandweek 45(14), 44–48
Grossbart, S., L. A. Crosby and J. Robb: 1982, ‹Parental Diffusion Roles and Children’s Responses to Nutrition Education’, in B. J. Walker, W. O. Bearden, W. R. Darden, P. E. Murphy, J. R. Nevin, J. C. Olson and B. A. Weitz (eds.), An Assessment of Marketing Thought and Practice, American Marketing Association Educators’ Proceedings (American Marketing Association, Chicago)
Hudson, Simon, David Hudson, and John Peloza (2008), “Meet The Parents: A Parents’ Perspective on Product Placement in Children’s Films,” Journal of Business Ethics, 80, 209–304.
Hunt, Shelby D. and Scott Vitell (1986), “A General Theory of Marketing Ethics,” Journal of Macromarketing, 6, 5–16.
Jardine, A. and L. Wentz: 2004, ‹Marketers Brace for Food-Ad Rules’, Advertising Age, September 13 issue
Jardine, A. and L. Wentz: 2005, ‹It’s a Fat World After All’, Advertising Age, March 7 issue
Jones, Thomas M. (1991), “Ethical Decision-Making by Individuals In Organizations: An Issue-Contingent Model,” Journal of Management Review, 16, 366–395.
Kotz, D.: 2007, ‹How to Win the Weight Battle’, U.S. News and World Report, September 10 issue
Mallinckrodt, Victoria and Dick Mizerski (2007), “The Effects of Playing an Advergame on Young Children’s Perceptions, Preferences, and Requests,” Journal of Advertising, 36 (2), 87–100.
McKay, B.: 2005, ‹Do Ads Make Kids Fat?’, Wall Street Journal 245(19)
McNeal, James U. (1998), Tapping The Three Kids’ Markets, Am Demographics, 20 (4), 37–41.
Moore, Elizabeth (2004), “Children and the Changing World of Advertising,” Journal of Business Ethics, 52, 161–167.
Moorman, C.: 1998, ‹Market-Level Effects of Information: Competitive Responses and Consumer Dynamics’, Journal of Marketing Research 35(February), 82–98
Nelson, Michelle R. (2002), “Recall of Brand Placements in Computer/Video Games,” Journal of Advertising Research, 42 (2), 80–92.
Oanh Ha, K.: 2004, ‹Neopets Sites for Children Stirs Controversy’, Knight Ridder Tribune Business News, September 14
Park, Haesun (2005), “The Role of Idealism and Relativism as Dispositional Characteristics in the Socially Responsible Decision-Making Process,” Journal of Business Ethics, 56, 81–98.
Pollay, R. W. and B. Mittal: 1993, ‹Here’s the Beef: Factors, Determinants, and Segments in Consumer Criticism of Advertising’, Journal of Marketing 57(July), 99–114
Robin, Donald P., R. Eric Reidenbach, and P. J. Forrest (1996), “The Perceived Importance Of An Ethical Issue As An Influence On The Ethical Decision-Making Of Ad Managers,” Journal of Business Research, 35 (1), 17–28.
Rose, Gregory M. Victoria D. Bush, and Lynn Kahle (1998), “The Influence of Family Communication Patterns on Parental Reactions toward Advertising: A Cross National Examination,” Journal of Advertising, 27 (4), 71–85.
Singhapakdi, A., S. Vitell and K. L. Kraft: 1996a, ‹Moral Intensity and Ethical Decision-Making of Marketing Professionals’, Journal of Business Research 36, 245–255
Singhapakdi, Anusorn, Scott Vitell, and Kenneth L. Kraft (1996b), “The Perceived Role Of Ethics And Social Responsibility: A Scale Development,” Journal of Business Ethics, 15 (11), 1131–1140.
Singhapakdi, Anusorn, Scott Vitell, Kumar C. Rallapalli, and Kenneth L. Kraft (1996), “The Perceived Role of Ethics and Social Responsibility: A Scale Development,” Journal of Business Ethics, 15 (11), 1131–1140.
Singhapakdi, Anusorn, Scott J. Vitell, and G. R. Franke (1999) “Antecedents, Consequences and Mediating Effects of Perceived Moral Intensity and Personal Moral Philosophies,” Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 27(1), 19–36.
Vitell, Scott, Aysen Bakir, Joseph Paolillo, Encarnacion Ramos Hidalgo, Jamal Al-Khatib, and Mohammed Y. A. Rawwas (2003), “Ethical Judgments and Intentions: A Multinational Study of Marketing Professionals,” Business Ethics: A European Review, 12 (2), 151–171.
Wentz, L.: 2005, ‹Pop Stops Kids’ Marketing In Europe’, Advertising Age, January 30 issue
York, E. B.: 2007, ‹Another Study Slams Food Ads Aimed at Children’, Advertising Age, September issue
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Bakir, A., Vitell, S.J. The Ethics of Food Advertising Targeted Toward Children: Parental Viewpoint. J Bus Ethics 91, 299–311 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-009-0084-2
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-009-0084-2