Abstract
The paper presents an analysis of the factors which affect the scaling of quality of service (QoS) solutions. This includes analysis of the sources of variance in traffic forecasts and how these contribute to a probability that a network resource will be unable to meet the capacity load placed upon it. While the analysis is general and could be applied to a wide variety of QoS mechanisms, this paper is focused on the scalability of ‘edge connection acceptance control with DiffServ core’ networks for real-time services and concludes that this scaling of such networks is remarkably poor. One way of addressing this poor scalability is for operators to lease from other operators what is for them ‘virtual infrastructure’ in order to construct a network with short topology.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Johnson D M: ‘QoS control versus generous dimensioning’, BT Technol J, 23, No2, pp 81–96 (April 2005).
Adams J L et al: ‘Changing the Internet to support real-time content supply from a large fraction of broadband residential users’, BT Technol J, 23, No2, pp 217–231 (April 2005).
Hovell P et al: ‘Guaranteed QoS synthesis — an example of a scalable core IP quality of service solution’, BT Technol J, 23, No2, pp 160–170 (April 2005).
ITU-T Recommendation I.320; ‘B-ISDN protocol reference model and its application’, (April 1991) — http://www.itu.int/
Willis P J: ‘An introduction to quality of service’, BT Technol J, 23, No2, pp 13–27 (April 2005).
Batty M: ‘Hierarchy in Cities and City Systems’, CASA Working Paper 85, Centre for Advanced Spatial Analysis (CASA), University College London (November 2004) — http://www.casa.ucl.ac.uk/
Shiode N and Batty M: ‘Power Law Distributions in Real and Virtual Worlds’, CASA Working Paper 19, Centre for Advanced Spatial Analysis (CASA), University College London (February 2000) — http://www.casa.ucl.ac.uk/
Gabraix X: ‘Zipf’s Law for Cities: An Explanation’, The Quarterly Journal of Economics, 144, pp 739–767 (August 1999).
Faloutsos M, Faloutsos P and Faloutsos C: ‘On Power-Law Relationships of the Internet Topology’, Proceedings of the IEEE/ACM Conference on Applications, Technologies, Architectures, and Protocols for Computer Communication, Cambridge, MA, pp 251–262 (1999).
Paxson V, and Floyd S: ‘Wide-Area Traffic: the Failure of Poisson Modeling’, IEE/ACM Transactions on Networking, 3, No3, pp 226–244 (June 1995).
Zipf G: ‘Human Behavior and The Principle of Least Effort’, Addison-Wesley, Cambridge, MA (1949).
Briscoe B: ‘Commercial models for IP quality of service interconnect’, BT Technol J, 23, No2, pp 171–195 (April 2005).
Bond D: ‘A theoretical study of burst noise’, BT Technol J, 5, No4, pp 51–50 (October 1987).
Sexton M and Reid A: ‘Broadband Networking; ATM, SONET, and SDH’, Chapter 8, Transport Performance, Artech House (1997).
Jajszczyk A: ‘Nonblocking, Repackable, and Rearrangeable Clos Networks: Fifty Years of Theory Evolution’, IEEE Communications Magazine, 41, No10, pp 28–33 (October 2003).
Clos C: ‘A Study of Non-Blocking Switching Networks’, Bell Systems Technical Journal, 32, No2, pp 406–424 (March 1953).
Turner J and Melon R: ‘Multi-rate Clos Networks’, IEEE Communications Magazine, 41, No10, pp 38–44 (October 2003).
Gao B and Hwang F K: ‘Wide Sense Non-Blocking for Multirate 3-Stage Clos Networks’, Theoretical Computer Science, 182, pp 171–182 (1997).
About this article
Cite this article
Reid, A.B.D. Economics and scalability of QoS solutions. BT Technol J 23, 97–117 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10550-005-0010-9
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10550-005-0010-9