Abstract
Numerical studies of sea and lake breezes are reviewed. The modelled dependence of sea-breeze and lake-breeze characteristics on the land surface sensible heat flux, ambient geostrophic wind, atmospheric stability and moisture, water body dimensions, terrain height and slope, Coriolis parameter, surface roughness length, and shoreline curvature is discussed. Consensus results on the influence of these geophysical variables on sea and lake breezes are synthesized as well as current gaps in our understanding. A brief history of numerical modelling, an overview of recent high-resolution simulations, and suggestions for future research related to sea and lake breezes are also presented. The results of this survey are intended to be a resource for numerical modelling, coastal air quality, and wind power studies.
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Acknowledgements
This study was supported by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration headquarters under the Earth and Space Science Fellowship program—Grant “08-Earth08R-5” and by the National Science Foundation project entitled “Lake Breeze System of the Great Salt Lake” Grant # ATM-0802282. We gratefully acknowledge the input of three anonymous reviewers, which significantly improved the paper.
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Open Access This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/2.0), which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author(s) and source are credited.
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Crosman, E.T., Horel, J.D. Sea and Lake Breezes: A Review of Numerical Studies. Boundary-Layer Meteorol 137, 1–29 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10546-010-9517-9
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10546-010-9517-9