The aims of the study were to establish the kinetics of the early adaptive response and to determine the minimum adaptive dose of gamma rays capable of inducing this response. The minimum adaptive dose was determined by exposing groups of five BALB/c male mice to an adaptive dose of 0.005 or of 0.02 Gy γ rays from a 137Cs source and challenge with 1.0 Gy 60 min later. The kinetics of adaptive response induction was established by exposing mice to an adaptive dose of 0.01 Gy, and subsequently to a challenge dose of 1.0 Gy at different times. Blood samples were collected from the tail immediately after exposure to the challenge dose, and the percentage of DNA-damaged cells and the extent of damaged were determined by single cell gel electrophoresis in 300 leukocytes per animal in five mice. The results confirms the capability of an in vivo induction of an early radioprotective process against the DNA-damage produced by gamma rays in murine leukocytes, and allows us to conclude that the minimum adaptive dose lies between 0.005 and 0.01Gy of gamma rays, and the early adaptive response is induced as early as 30 min after the exposure and persists for at least 18 hr.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
T. Ikushima H. Aritomi J. Morisita (1996) ArticleTitleRadioadaptive response: Efficient repair of radiation-induced DNA damage in adapted cell Mutat. Res. 358 193–198 Occurrence Handle8946024
K. Yamaoka S. Kojima M. Takahashi T. Nombra K. Iriyama (1998) ArticleTitleChange of glutatione peroxidase síntesis along with that of superoxide dismutase síntesis in mice spleens alter low-dose X-ray irradiation Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1381 265–270 Occurrence Handle9685674
J. D. Shadley S. Wolff (1987) ArticleTitleVery low doses of X-rays can cause human lymphocytes to become less susceptible to ionizing radiation Mutagenesis 2 95–96 Occurrence Handle3137419
T. Ikushima (1987) ArticleTitleChromosomal responses to ionizing radiation reminiscent of an adaptive response in cultured Chinese hamster cells Mutat. Res. 180 215–221 Occurrence Handle3657821
E. Schmid M. Bauchinger U. Nahrstedt (1989) ArticleTitleAdaptive response after X-irradiation of human lymphocytes? Mutagenesis 4 87–89 Occurrence Handle2659931
M. Bauchinger E. Schmid H. Braselmann U. Nahrstedt (1989) ArticleTitleAbsence of adaptive response to low-level irradiation from tritiated thymidine and X-rays in lymphocytes of two individuals examined in serial experiments Mutat. Res. 227 103–107 Occurrence Handle10.1016/0165-7992(89)90005-5 Occurrence Handle2797041
A. Wojcik C. Streffer (1995) ArticleTitleApplication of a multiple fixation regimen to study the adaptive response to ionizing radiation in lymphocytes of two human donors Mutat. Res. 326 109–116 Occurrence Handle7528878
F. Laval (1988) ArticleTitlePretreatment with oxygen species increases the resistance of mammalian cells to hydrogen peroxide and γ-rays Mutat. Res. 201 73–79 Occurrence Handle3419450
M.T. Mendiola-Cruz P. Morales-Ramírez (2002) ArticleTitleDamage-repair and early adaptive response induced by gamma rays in murine leukocytes in vivo Somat. Cell Molec. Genet. 25 287–299 Occurrence Handle10.1023/A:1019964331735
M. T. Mendiola-Cruz P. Morales-Ramírez (1999) ArticleTitleRepair kinetics of gamma – ray induced DNA damage determined by single cell gel electrophoresis assay in murine leukocytes in vivo Mutat. Res. 433 45–52 Occurrence Handle10047778
N. Singh M. McCoy R. Tice E. Schneider (1988) ArticleTitleA simple technique for quantitation of low levels of DNA damage in individual cells Exp. Cell Res. 175 184–191 Occurrence Handle3345800
Eriksson, S. and Nygren, J. (1995) Preparing dried slides. Comet Workshop, Prague. August 19–20
S. H. Cheung B. Holland (1992) ArticleTitleExtension of Dunnett’s multiple comparison procedure with differing sample size to the case of several groups Comput. Stat. Data Anal. 14 165–182 Occurrence Handle10.1016/0167-9473(92)90171-B
P. Morales-Ramírez T. Vallarino-Kelly R. Rodríguez-Reyes (1997) ArticleTitleNo radioadaptive response to micronucleated polychromatic erythrocyte (MN-PCE) induction in murine peripheral blood in vivo Environ. Molec. Mutagen. 29 289–295 Occurrence Handle10.1002/(SICI)1098-2280(1997)29:3<289::AID-EM9>3.0.CO;2-7
P. Morales-Ramírez T. Vallarino-Kelly J. Mercader-Martínez R. Rodríguez-Reyes (1994) ArticleTitleInduction of micronuclei by acute and chronic exposure in vivo to gamma rays in murine polychromatic erythrocytes Mutat. Res. 341 47–55 Occurrence Handle10.1016/0165-1218(94)90023-X Occurrence Handle7523942
T. Kondo Y. Higashiyama T. Goto T. Iida S. Cho M. Iwanaga K. Mori M. Tani Y. Urata (1999) ArticleTitleRegulation of γ-glutamylcysteine synthetase expression in response to oxidative stress Free Rad. Res. 31 325–334
S. Kojima S. Matsumori H. Ishida K. Yamaoka (2000) ArticleTitlePossible role of elevation of glutathione in the acquisition of enhanced proliferation of mouse splenocytes exposed to small-dose Int. J. Radiat. Biol. 76 1641–1647 Occurrence Handle10.1080/09553000050201136 Occurrence Handle11133046
K. Teshima A. Yamamoto K. Yamaoka Y. Honda S. Honda T. Sasaki S. Kojima (2000) ArticleTitleInvolvement of calcium ion elevation of mRNA for γ-glutamilcysteine synthetase (γ-GCS) induced by low-dose γ-rays Int. J. Radiat. Biol. 76 1631–1639 Occurrence Handle10.1080/09553000050201127 Occurrence Handle11133045
L. Cai M. G. Cherian (1996) ArticleTitleAdaptive response to ionizing radiation-induced chromosome aberrations in rabbit lymphocytes: effect of pre-exposure to zinc, and copper salts Mutat. Res. 369 233–241 Occurrence Handle10.1016/S0165-1218(96)90028-2 Occurrence Handle8792841
A. Bravard C. Luccioni E. Moustacchi O. Rigaud (1999) ArticleTitleContribution of antioxidant enzymes to the adaptive response to ionizing radiation of human lymphoblasts Int. J. Radiat. Biol. 75 639–645 Occurrence Handle10.1080/095530099140285 Occurrence Handle10374946
G. Guo Y. Yan-Sanders B. D. Lyn-Cook T. Wang D. Tamae J. Ogi A. Khaletskiy Z. Li C. Weydert J. A. Longmate T. -T. Huang D. R. Spitz L. W. Oberley J. J. Li (2003) ArticleTitleManganese superoxide dismutase-mediated gene expression in radiation-induced adaptive response Mol. Cell Biol. 23 2362–2378 Occurrence Handle10.1128/MCB.23.7.2362-2378.2003 Occurrence Handle12640121
Y. Wu J. Zheng J. Linden J. Holoshitz (2004) ArticleTitleGenoprotective pathways. Part I. Extracellular signaling through Gs protein-coupled adenosine receptors prevents oxidative DNA damage Mutat Res. 546 93–102 Occurrence Handle14757197
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Morales-Ramírez, P., Mendiola-Cruz, M.T. Kinetics of the Early Adaptive Response to Gamma Rays: Induction of a Cellular Radioprotective Mechanism in Murine Leukocytes In vivo. Biosci Rep 24, 609–616 (2004). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10540-005-2795-7
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10540-005-2795-7