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Diaspore bank experiment with the invasive moss Campylopus introflexus: Can peatland restoration suppress its germination?

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Abstract

The spontaneous recovery of the plant cover of extracted peatlands is a long-lasting process, and re-vegetation depends largely on species emerging from the diaspore bank. Restoration also depends on the success of suppressing the expansion of alien species. To evaluate whether the covering of peat by Sphagnum shoots has an effect on the germination of bryophytes, a growth chamber experiment was conducted. Two acrocarpous moss species—Polytrichum strictum, a native moss, and Campylopus introflexus, the invasive moss in the Northern Hemisphere—were chosen for the study. Peat samples from the extracted peat field were taken and grown in a growth chamber for six months. Half of the samples were covered by Sphagnum shoots, and the other half were left bare for control. At the end of the experiment, the number of shoots and the cover of both species were estimated. In the second experiment Sphagnum cover effect was evaluated on shoot elongation where shoots of both species were grown at low and high water levels. Our aims were to compare native and alien species’ germination ability and to test the possibility of suppressing the expansion of alien species by raising the water level and covering the samples with Sphagnum. Our results showed that on extracted peatlands C. introflexus germinated better than P. strictum, but covering with Sphagnum shoots significantly suppressed its emergence. High water level promoted the growth of P. strictum, but not the growth of C. introflexus. Thus, we can conclude that restoration may help to control the expansion of non-native species in disturbed peatlands.

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Data availability

The datasets generated and analyzed during the current study are available in PlutoF repository, accessible by password.

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Acknowledgements

We are thankful to Ott Luuk for compiling the distribution map of the studied species. The study was supported by the Estonian Research Council through the institutional research grants (PRG1121, PRG609), the Estonian Ministry of Education and Research (KOGU-TU302), the European Regional Development Fund (Centre of Excellence EcolChange), and by EU Horizon 2020 WaterLANDS project.

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The authors declare that no funds, grants, or other support were received during the preparation of this manuscript.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Botany, Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia

    Tiina Samson, Edgar Karofeld, Nele Ingerpuu & Kai Vellak

  2. University of Tartu, Natural History Museum, Tartu, Estonia

    Kai Vellak

  3. Tartu Nature House, Tartu, Estonia

    Anna-Grete Joamets

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  1. Tiina Samson
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Contributions

Conceptualization: KV and NI; Methodology: KV and EK; Fieldworks: AGJ and EK, Growth chamber experiment: AGJ; Statistical analyses: TS and KV; Writing—Original Draft Preparation: TS, KV and NI; Writing—Review & Editing: TS, EK, KV, NI and AGJ.

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Correspondence to Tiina Samson.

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Samson, T., Joamets, AG., Karofeld, E. et al. Diaspore bank experiment with the invasive moss Campylopus introflexus: Can peatland restoration suppress its germination?. Biol Invasions (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10530-024-03271-z

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