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Alien terrestrial mammals in Brazil: current status and management

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Abstract

The invasion of alien species is an important cause of biodiversity loss worldwide, and many mammals are considered successful invaders outside their former range, with recognized detrimental effects to native ecosystems. Our aim was to review the current literature on alien mammals that have established feral populations in Brazil and to systematize the existing knowledge. Furthermore, we evaluated the current distributions of all invasion mammals and discuss different management actions, including eradication techniques for island populations. We found 17 species of alien mammals living in the wild in Brazil. Based on the current literature and databases regarding invasive species, Lepus europaeus and Sus scrofa had the largest distributions in the Brazilian territory and seem to continue expanding their geographic distributions. Feral dogs and cats were the main alien predators threatening wildlife conservation, especially in protected areas. Further, we call attention to the invasion of Bubalus bubalis, a large species that currently thrives in isolated populations but seems to be quickly expanding its distribution. In conclusion, alien mammals are widespread in Southern and Southeastern Brazil, but at least four ungulate species (Indian sambar, horse, goat, and axis deer) still have small and isolated populations. Finally, future efforts need to evaluate the impacts of alien mammals in Brazil and techniques for their control.

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Acknowledgements

We would like to thank CAPES (Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior), CNPq (Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico) and FAPEMIG (Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais) for financial support. We thank R. Zenni for the review of the last version of this manuscript and two anonymous referees and the editor for comments and criticisms that greatly helped improve the manuscript.

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  1. Laboratório de Ecologia e Conservação de Mamíferos, Setor de Ecologia, Departamento de Biologia, Universidade Federal de Lavras, Campus Universitário, Lavras, Minas Gerais, 37200-000, Brazil

    Clarissa Alves da Rosa, Nelson Henrique de Almeida Curi, Fernando Puertas & Marcelo Passamani

  2. Instituto Alto Montana, Highway BR 354, Km 768, Itamonte, Minas Gerais, 37466-000, Brazil

    Clarissa Alves da Rosa

  3. Departamento de Medicina Veterinária, Centro Universitário de Lavras, Rua Padre José Poggel, 506, Bairro Centenário, Lavras, Minas Gerais, 37200-000, Brazil

    Nelson Henrique de Almeida Curi

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  1. Clarissa Alves da Rosa
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  2. Nelson Henrique de Almeida Curi
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Correspondence to Clarissa Alves da Rosa.

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da Rosa, C.A., de Almeida Curi, N.H., Puertas, F. et al. Alien terrestrial mammals in Brazil: current status and management. Biol Invasions 19, 2101–2123 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10530-017-1423-3

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