Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Hydration and saccharification of cellulose Iβ, II and IIII at increasing dry solids loadings

  • Original Research Paper
  • Published:
Biotechnology Letters Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Crystalline cellulose Iβ (Avicel) was chemically transformed into cellulose II and IIII producing allomorphs with similar crystallinity indices (ATR-IR and XRD derived). Saccharifications by commercial cellulases at arrayed solids loadings showed cellulose IIII was more readily hydrolysable and less susceptible to increased dry solids levels than cellulose Iβ and II. Analysis by dynamic vapor sorption revealed cellulose II has a distinctively higher absorptive capacity than cellulose I and IIII. When equally hydrated (g water/g cellulose), low-field nuclear magnetic resonance (LF-NMR) relaxometry showed that cellulose II, on average, most constrained water while cellulase IIII left the most free water. LF-NMR spin–spin relaxation time distribution profiles representing distinct water pools suggest cellulose IIII had the most restricted pool and changes in water distribution during enzymatic saccharification were most dramatic with respect to cellulose IIII compared to celluloses Iβ and II.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Atalla RH (1974) Annealing and increased order in cellulose II. Polym Sci Polym Lett 12:565–568

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Barnes RJ, Dhanoa MS, Lister SJ (1989) Standard normal variate transformation and de-trending of near-infrared diffuse reflectance spectra. Appl Spectrosc 43(5):772–777

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Chundawat SPS, Bellesia G, Uppugundla N, Sousa LC, Gao D, Cheh AM, Agarwal UP, Bianchetti CM, Phillips GM, Langan P, Balan V, Gnanakaran S, Dale BE (2011) Restructuring the crystalline cellulose hydrogen bond network enhances its depolymerization rate. J Am Chem Soc 133:11163–11174

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Felby C, Thygesen LG, Kristensen JB, Jorgensen H, Elder T (2008) Cellulose-water interactions during enzymatic hydrolysis as studied by time domain NMR. Cellulose 15(5):703–710

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hodge DB, Karim NM, Schell DJ, McMillan JD (2008) Soluble and insoluble solids contributions to high-solids enzymatic hydrolysis of lignocellulose. Biores Technol 99:8940–8948

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Igarashi K, Wada M, Samejima M (2007) Activation of crystalline cellulose to cellulose IIII results in efficient hydrolysis by cellobiohydrolase. FEBS J 274:1785–1792

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Jørgensen H, Vibe-Pedersen J, Larsen J, Felby C (2007) Liquefaction of lignocellulose at high-solids concentrations. Biotechnol Bioeng 96:862–870

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Matthews JF, Skopec CE, Mason PE, Zuccato P, Torget RW, Sugiyama J, Himmel ME, Brady JW (2006) Computer simulation studies of microcrystalline cellulose Ib. Carbohydrate Res 341:138–152

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mittal A, Katahira R, Himmel ME, Johnson DK (2011) Effects of alkaline or liquid-ammonia treatment on crystalline cellulose: Changes in morphology, crystallinity index, and enzymatic digestibility. Biotechnol Biofuels 4(41):1–16

    Google Scholar 

  • Park S, Johnson DK, Ishizawa CI, Parillan PA, Davis MF (2009) Measuring the crystallinity index of cellulose by solid state 13C nuclear magnetic resonance. Cellulose 16:641–647

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Park S, Baker JO, Himmel ME, Johnson DK (2010) Cellulose crystallinity index: measurement techniques and their impact on interpreting cellulase performance. Biotechnol Biofuels 3(10):1–11

    Google Scholar 

  • Provencher SW (1982) Contin: a general purpose constrained regularization program for inverting noisy linear algebraic and integral equations. Comput Phys Commun 27:229–242

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Roberts KM, Lavenson DM, Tozzi EJ, McCarthy MJ, Jeoh T (2011) The effects of water interactions in cellulose suspensions on mass transfer and saccharification efficiency at high solids loadings. Cellulose 18:759–773

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Selig MJ, Hsieh CC, Thygesen L, Himmel ME, Felby C, Decker SR (2012) Considering water availability and the effect of solute concentration on high solids saccharification of lignocellulosic biomass. Biotechnol Prog 28(6):1478–1490

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

We would like to thank Peter Westh and the laboratory at the University of Roskilde for their instruction and permission to use their DVS system.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Forest & Landscape, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Rolighedsvej 23, 1958, Frederiksberg, Denmark

    Michael J. Selig, Lisbeth G. Thygesen & Claus Felby

  2. National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 1617 Cole Blvd, Golden, CO, 80401, USA

    David K. Johnson, Michael E. Himmel & Ashutosh Mittal

Authors
  1. Michael J. Selig
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Lisbeth G. Thygesen
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. David K. Johnson
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Michael E. Himmel
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Claus Felby
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. Ashutosh Mittal
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Michael J. Selig.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Selig, M.J., Thygesen, L.G., Johnson, D.K. et al. Hydration and saccharification of cellulose Iβ, II and IIII at increasing dry solids loadings. Biotechnol Lett 35, 1599–1607 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10529-013-1258-7

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10529-013-1258-7

Keywords

Search

Navigation