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Genetic Diversity and Variation Among Botanical Varieties of Old Portuguese Wheat Cultivars Revealed by ISSR Assays

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Abstract

Inter-simple sequence repeats (ISSRs) were used for genetic diversity analyses of an Old Portuguese wheat collection. Eighteen primers produced 96.3 and 98.5% of ISSR polymorphism in bread and durum wheat cultivars, respectively. The unweighted pair group method with arithmetical averages (UPGMA) phenogram clearly split all cultivars based on their species/ploidy, reflecting a defined genetic structure. ISSRs revealed high genetic diversity at interspecific, intraspecific, and intercultivar levels. Thirty-three exclusive ISSR markers were found. Cultivars were clustered according to their botanical varieties and, in a few cases, with their homonym(s). No statistically significant differences were found between genetic diversity parameters of durum and bread wheat, probably due to high intraspecific diversity. Similar analyses were performed among botanical varieties, and their relationships were defined. Cladograms resembled UPGMA clustering. This highly genetically diverse Old wheat collection will be conserved and maintained, and it could be further used in breeding programs to widen the narrow genetic basis of modern wheat varieties and to avoid the loss of rare and unique alleles.

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by the PTDC/AGR-GPL/65876/2006 project and the PhD grant SFRH/BD/17348/2004, both by the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Centre of Genetics and Biotechnology, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, P.O. Box 1013, 5001-801, Vila Real, Portugal

    Ana Carvalho, José Lima-Brito & Henrique Guedes-Pinto

  2. Instituto Nacional de Investigação Agrária e das Pescas, Ministério de Agricultura, do Desenvolvimento Rural e das Pescas, 7350-951, Elvas, Portugal

    Benvindo Maçãs

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  1. Ana Carvalho
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  2. José Lima-Brito
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  3. Benvindo Maçãs
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  4. Henrique Guedes-Pinto
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Correspondence to Ana Carvalho.

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Carvalho, A., Lima-Brito, J., Maçãs, B. et al. Genetic Diversity and Variation Among Botanical Varieties of Old Portuguese Wheat Cultivars Revealed by ISSR Assays. Biochem Genet 47, 276–294 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10528-009-9227-5

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