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Chemical and visual stimuli for conservation biological control of stink bugs in soybean: potential use and flaws on egg parasitoid recruitment

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Abstract

Stink bug egg parasitoids (Scelionidae) use several host and non-host chemical and physical cues to find suitable hosts. These cues can interact in the field producing multimodal stimuli, which can be manipulated to increase parasitoid attraction and biological control of stink bugs in conservation biological control strategies. We aimed to investigate how multimodal chemical and physical stimuli affect stink bug egg parasitoid recruitment and parasitism in soybean crops. We performed a field experiment where semiochemicals and visual stimuli were presented alone or in combination during three soybean growing seasons. We evaluated the occurrence of stink bug parasitoids and parasitism rates using sentinel eggs, and stink bug species abundance. Long-distance semiochemicals (herbivore-induced plant volatiles and sex pheromone) did not interfere on Scelionidae parasitoid recruitment. Visual stimuli and stimuli combinations negatively interfered on parasitoid recruitment or had no effect. The parasitism of sentinel eggs varied among seasons, and long-distance semiochemicals increased parasitism on one season. In the other seasons there was a significant effect of predation on the sentinel stink bugs eggs. Predation, mostly by ants, was the main egg mortality factor, which could have masked parasitism effects. The stink bug Euschistus heros (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) was always the most abundant species occurring with other seven species. Our results indicate the relevance of different biological control agents on stink bug egg mortality. We discuss the applications and major flaws for conservation biological control of stink bugs and its compatibility with augmentative releases of egg parasitoids, especially for Telenomus podisi.

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The data of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.

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Acknowledgements

The authors are grateful to Dr. Mike Birkett (Rothamsted Research), and to ISCA Tecnologias for providing the chemical compounds used in this work. We are also grateful to Bruna Santana and Alice de Freitas for their assistance during the field trials. Research grants and fellowships to the authors were provided by the Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior—Brasil (CAPES) (Finance Code 001), Fundação de Apoio à Pesquisa do Distrito Federal (FAPDF) (Grant Number 0193.001792/2017), Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) and Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation (EMBRAPA)

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Graduate Program in Zoology, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Brasília, Brasília, DF, 70910-900, Brazil

    Ana Carolina G. Lagôa

  2. Semiochemicals Laboratory, EMBRAPA Genetic Resources and Biotechnology, Brasília, DF, 70770-917, Brazil

    Ana Carolina G. Lagôa, Michely F. Aquino, Maria Carolina Blassioli-Moraes, Miguel Borges & Raúl A. Laumann

  3. Laboratory of Insect Ecology, Department of Ecology, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Brasília, Brasília, DF, 70910-900, Brazil

    Pedro H. B. Togni

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  1. Ana Carolina G. Lagôa
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Correspondence to Ana Carolina G. Lagôa.

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Lagôa, A.C.G., Togni, P.H.B., Aquino, M.F. et al. Chemical and visual stimuli for conservation biological control of stink bugs in soybean: potential use and flaws on egg parasitoid recruitment. BioControl (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10526-024-10241-w

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