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Control of the bean rust fungus Uromyces appendiculatus by means of Trichoderma harzianum: leaf disc assays on the antibiotic effect of spore suspensions and culture filtrates

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Abstract

Several species of the fungal genus Trichoderma act as antagonists of other fungi. A number of strains from the Trichoderma species T. harzianum Rifai are used as biological control agents for the control of soilborne as well as foliar plant pathogens. Six T. harzianum strains, five of them isolated from commercial preparations, were evaluated for their capability to control the bean rust fungus Uromyces appendiculatus (Pers. ex Pers.) Unger. Different kinds of leaf disc assays were performed with conidial spore suspensions and sterile culture filtrates of the T. harzianum strains. Great differences were observed concerning the efficacy of the Trichoderma strains to reduce the number of the uredial pustules developing after rust inoculation which followed the application of the particular Trichoderma strains. Efficacy values ranged from 1 to over 50%. Increasing spore or culture filtrate concentrations of the two most effective isolates T12 and TU led to decreases in the number of developing uredial pustules. Culture filtrate applications had a protective but no curative effect. T12 spore suspensions maintained their disease reducing activity even when autoclaved. This and some other evidence for an antibiotic interaction between T. harzianum and U. appendiculatus are discussed.

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Acknowledgments

We thank Prof. M. Lorito and Prof. G. E. Harman as well as W. J. Foster (BioWorks Inc., Victor, NY, USA), Dr. W. J. Ravensberg, and M. Dissevelt (Koppert Biological Systems, Berkel en Rodenrijs, The Netherlands) for their advice regarding the commercial Trichoderma products. Moreover, we would like to thank Dr. K. van Heemert (Plantsupport, Grootebroek, The Netherlands), M. Dissevelt (Koppert Biological Systems, Berkel en Rodenrijs, The Netherlands), M. Erb-Brinkmann (Agrinova GmbH, Obrigheim/Mühlheim, Germany), and R. Humm (Vitalin Pflanzengesundheit GmbH, Ober-Ramstadt, Germany) for providing us with the commercial Trichoderma products.

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  1. Institut für Pflanzenkrankheiten und Pflanzenschutz, Leibniz Universität Hannover, Herrenhäuser Str. 2, 30419, Hannover, Germany

    Lars Burmeister & Bernhard Hau

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  1. Lars Burmeister
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Correspondence to Bernhard Hau.

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Burmeister, L., Hau, B. Control of the bean rust fungus Uromyces appendiculatus by means of Trichoderma harzianum: leaf disc assays on the antibiotic effect of spore suspensions and culture filtrates. BioControl 54, 575–585 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10526-008-9202-9

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