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Additive interaction of Helicoverpa armigera Nucleopolyhedrovirus and Azadirachtin

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Abstract

Mortality of Helicoverpa armigera Hübner (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) was higher in the combined treatment of Nucleopolyhedrovirus (NPV) and Azadirachtin (AZA) and mortality was increased when AZA concentration was doubled. Larval mortality decreased as the age of the larvae increased in all the treatments. The time for 100% kill of third instar larvae was significantly reduced to 72 h when AZA (0.1 ppm) was combined with NPV (103 PIB/ml) when compared to 168 and 120 h for the same dose NPV and AZA individual treatments, respectively. The average leaf disc consumption, consumption index (CI), relative growth rate (RGR), the efficiency of conversion of ingested (ECI) and digested (ECD) food values were drastically reduced in the combined treatment of NPV and AZA than in the individual treatments. Larval as well as pupal durations were significantly extended and the adult longevity and fecundity were significantly reduced in the combined treatment of NPV and AZA. Weight of 14 day old control larvae was 420 mg and it was reduced to 299 and 248 mg after NPV (5 × 102 PIB/ml) and AZA (0.025 ppm) treatments, respectively. The larval weight was drastically decreased to 99 mg after the combined treatment at the same dose. The additive interaction between both the treatments, AZA and NPV, was found to be in a dose dependent manner and were highly compatible in disrupting the survival, feeding and biology of H. armigera.

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Abbreviations

AZA:

Azadirachtin

NPV:

Nucleopolyhedrovirus

HaNPV:

Helicoverpa armigera Nucleopolyhedrovirus

PIB/ml:

Polyhedral inclusion bodies per milliliter

h:

Hours

ppm:

Parts per million

CI:

Consumption index

RGR:

Relative growth rate

ECI:

Efficiency of conversion of ingested food

ECD:

Efficiency of conversion of digested food

AD:

Approximate digestibility

rpm:

Rotations per minute

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Acknowledgments

The authors thank the State Key Lab of Biocontrol, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P. R. China for the financial assistance for this study. The authors thank Prof. Myron P. Zalucki, School of Integrative Biology, University of Queensland, Australia for his useful comments for the manuscript.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. State Key Lab of Biocontrol, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, P.R. China

    Nachimuthu Senthil Kumar & Wenqing Zhang

  2. Department of Biotechnology, Mizoram University, P.O. Box 190, Aizawl, Mizoram, 796 009, India

    Nachimuthu Senthil Kumar

  3. Department of Zoology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, 641 046, India

    Kadarkarai Murugan

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  1. Nachimuthu Senthil Kumar
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  2. Kadarkarai Murugan
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Correspondence to Nachimuthu Senthil Kumar.

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Senthil Kumar, N., Murugan, K. & Zhang, W. Additive interaction of Helicoverpa armigera Nucleopolyhedrovirus and Azadirachtin. BioControl 53, 869–880 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10526-007-9115-z

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10526-007-9115-z

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