Abstract
The possibility that the cosmological constant is decaying as the observable universe grows is explored, and we define a cosmological parameter, depending of the vacuum energy and the universe radius, which should be presently ca. 122 orders of magnitude smaller than at the Planck epoch. From it, a new version of the Friedmann equation for a flat universe is obtained, which allows the estimation of the Hubble parameter at any epoch and the reconstruction of the expansion history. The main result is a quasi-linear expansion dynamics in concurrence with a number of previous works. This behavior is compatible with the main features of observational cosmology and avoids the horizon, flatness, cosmological constant, coincidence and age problems without the need of neither inflation nor initial fine-tuning.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Abdalla, E., Abramo, L.R., Sodre, L., Wang, B.: Phys. Lett. B 673, 107 (2009). arXiv:0710.1198 [astro-ph]
Abdel-Rahman, A.M.: Phys. Rev. D 45, 3497 (1992)
Abdel-Rahman, A.M., Riad, I.F.: Astron. J. 134, 1391 (2007)
Amendola, L., Tocchini-Valentini, D.: Phys. Rev. D 64, 043509 (2001)
Amendola, L., Tsujikawa, S., Sami, M.: Phys. Lett. B 632, 155 (2006)
Batra, A., Lohiya, D., Mahajan, S., Mukherjee, A., Ashtekar, A.: Int. J. Mod. Phys. D 9, 757 (2000)
Benoit-Lévy, A., Chardin, G.: (2012). arXiv:1110.3054v2
Bergmann, P.G.: Int. J. Theor. Phys. 1, 25 (1968)
Bertolami, O.: Nuovo Cimento B 93, 36 (1986)
Blanchard, A.: Astron. Astrophys. 412, 35 (2003)
Calvao, M.O., et al.: Phys. Rev. D 45, 3869 (1992)
Casado, J.: (2004). arXiv:astro-ph/0404130v1
Chen, W., Wu, Y.: Phys. Rev. D 41, 695 (1990)
de Bernardis, P., et al.: Nature 404, 955 (2000)
Dev, A., Safonova, M., Jain, D., Lohiya, D.: Phys. Lett. B 548, 12 (2002). arXiv:astro-ph/0204150v3
Dolgov, A.D.: Phys. Rev. D 55, 5881 (1997)
Feng, C., Wang, B., Abdalla, E., Su, R.: Phys. Lett. B 665, 111 (2008)
Ford, L.H.: Phys. Rev. D 35, 2339 (1987)
Frebel, A., et al.: Astrophys. J. Lett. 660, L117 (2007)
Friaca, A.C.S., Alcañiz, J.A.S., Lima, J.A.S.: Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 362, 1295 (2005). arXiv:astro-ph/0504031v1
Funkhouser, S.: Proc. R. Soc. A 464, 1345 (2008)
Gehlaut, S., Mukherjee, A., Mahajan, S., Lohiya, D.: (2003). arXiv:astro-ph/0209209v2
Hasinger, G., et al.: Astrophys. J. 573, L77 (2002). arXiv:astro-ph/0207321
Horvat, R.: Phys. Rev. D 70, 087301 (2004). arXiv:astro-ph/0404204v4
Jain, D., Dev, A., Alcañiz, J.S.: Class. Quantum Gravity 20, 4485 (2003)
Jain, D., Alcañiz, J.S., Dev, A.: Nucl. Phys. B 732, 379 (2006)
Jarosik, N., Bennett, C.L., Dunkley, J., Gold, B., Greason, M.R., Halpern, M., Hill, R.S., Hinshaw, G., Kogut, A., Komatsu, E., Larson, D., Limon, M., Meyer, S.S., Nolta, M.R., Odegard, N., Page, L., Smith, K.M., Spergel, D.N., Tucker, G.S., Weiland, J.L., Wollack, E., Wright, E.L.: Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser. 192, 14 (2011)
Jou, D., Mongiovi, M.S., Sciacca, M.: Phys. Rev. D, Part. Fields 83, 043519 (2011)
Krauss, L.M.: Astrophys. J. 480, 466 (1997)
John, M.V., Joseph, K.B.: Phys. Rev. D 61, 087304 (2000). arXiv:gr-qc/9912069v1
Leibundgut, B.: Astron. Astrophys. Rev. 10, 179 (2000)
Lloyd, S.: Phys. Rev. Lett. 88, 237901 (2002)
Lyre, H.: (2003). arXiv:quant-ph/0309183v1
Maoz, D.: Quasar lensing statistics and omega_lambda: what went wrong? In: Mellier, Y., Meylan, G. (eds.) Impact of Gravitational Lensing on Cosmology. Proceedings of the IAU Symposium, vol. 225 (2005) (see also arXiv:astro-ph/0501491v1)
Marugán, G., Carneiro, S.: Phys. Rev. D 65, 087303 (2002). arXiv:gr-qc/0111034v2
Méndez, V., Pavón, D.: Gen. Relativ. Gravit. 28, 679 (1996)
Olson, T.S., Jordan, T.F.: Phys. Rev. D 35, 3258 (1987)
Ozer, M., Taha, M.O.: Phys. Lett. B 171, 363 (1986)
Padmanabhan, T.: Phys. Rep. 380, 235 (2003)
Pavón, D.: Phys. Rev. D 43, 375 (1991)
Peebles, P.J.E., Ratra, B.: Rev. Mod. Phys. 75, 559 (2003)
Perlmutter, S.J., et al.: (1998a). arXiv:astro-ph/9812133
Perlmutter, S.J., et al.: Nature 391, 51 (1998b)
Petri, M.: Int. J. Mod. Phys. E 16, 1603 (2007)
Riess, A.G., et al.: Astron. J. 116, 1009 (1998)
Riess, A.G., et al.: Astrophys. J. 560, 49 (2001)
Sahni, V., Starobinsky, A.A.: Int. J. Mod. Phys. D 9, 373 (2000)
Sattar, A., Vishwakarma, R.G.: Class. Quantum Gravity 14, 945 (1997)
Schwarz, D.J., Weinhorst, B.: Astron. Astrophys. 474, 717–729 (2007)
Sen, A.A., Pavón, D.: Phys. Lett. B 664, 7–11 (2008)
Sethi, G., Dev, A., Jain, D.: Phys. Lett. B 624, 135 (2005)
Shafieloo, A., Sahni, V., Starobinsky, A.A.: Phys. Rev. D 80, 101301(R) (2009)
Shemi-Zadeh, V.E.: (2002). arXiv:gr-qc/0206084v3
Sidharth, B.G.: (2005). arXiv:physics/0509026v1
Silviera, V., Waga, I.: Phys. Rev. D 50, 4890 (1994)
Silviera, V., Waga, I.: Phys. Rev. D 56, 4625 (1997)
Spergel, D.N., Bolte, M., Freedman, W.: Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 94, 6579 (1997)
Tonry, J.L., et al.: Astrophys. J. 594, 1 (2003)
Turner, M.S.: Science 315, 59 (2007)
Wang, B., Gong, Y.-g., Abdalla, E.: Phys. Lett. B 624, 141 (2005)
Wang, B., Zang, J., Lin, Ch.-Y., Abdalla, E., Micheletti, S.: Nucl. Phys. B 778, 69 (2007)
Wang, B., Lin, Ch.-Y., Pavón, D., Abdalla, E.: Phys. Lett. B 662, 1 (2008)
Wang, L., et al.: Astrophys. J. 590, 944 (2003)
Weinberg, S.: Rev. Mod. Phys. 61, 1 (1989)
Wright, E.: Measuring the Curvature of the Universe by Measuring the Curvature of the Hubble Diagram (2003). http://www.astro.ucla.edu/~wright/sne_cosmology.html
Zhu, Z.H., Hu, M., Alcañiz, J.S., Liu, Y.X.: Astron. Astrophys. 483, 15 (2008). arXiv:0712.3602v1
Zimdahl, W., Pavón, D., Chimento, L.P.: Phys. Lett. B 521, 133 (2001)
Acknowledgements
D.J. acknowledges the financial support from the Dirección General de Investigación of the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation under Grant FIS No. 2009-13370-C02-01, and the Direcció General de Recerca of the Generalitat of Catalonia under Grant No. 2009-SGR-00164. The kind assistance of Lluis Soler in the preparation of Fig. 2 is gratefully acknowledged.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Casado, J., Jou, D. Steady Flow cosmological model. Astrophys Space Sci 344, 513–520 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10509-012-1349-2
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10509-012-1349-2