Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Invoking “collective memory”: mapping the emergence of a concept in archival science

  • Original Paper
  • Published:
Archival Science Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The concept of “collective” or “social” memory has assumed increasing prominence in the discourse of archivists over the past few decades. Archives are frequently characterized as crucial institutions of social memory, and many professional activities are considered forms of memory preservation. We present a systematic examination of the relationships between archives and collective memory as articulated in the English-language archival literature. We first identify the major themes regarding collective memory and categorize archival writings into four major threads. We then analyze citations extracted from 165 articles about collective memory published between 1980 and 2010 in four leading English-language archival studies journals. We identify the most influential scholars and publications and trace the evolution of the collective memory concept in that literature. By comparing the archival literature on collective memory to that indexed in Thomson’s Web of Science and in Google Scholar, we identify specific disciplines, authors, and works that archivists working on collective memory may find useful. We find that in general the archival literature on collective memory is fairly insular and self-referential and call on archivists to actively engage other disciplines when carrying out collective memory research.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3

Similar content being viewed by others

Notes

  1. In 2000 and 2001, the University of Michigan hosted the seminar “Archives, Documentation and Social Memory” and produced a publication under the same title. “Archives, Memory and Knowledge” was the theme for the International Council on Archives congress in 2004. The University of Michigan hosted a 2008 conference called “Interdisciplinary Perspectives on Archives and the Ethics of Memory Construction,” and the conference “Memory, Archives and Human Rights: Confronting the Demons of the Past” was held in Sweden the same year. “The Political Life of Documents: Archives, Memory and Contested Knowledge” and “Memory, Identity and the Archival Paradigm: An Interdisciplinary Approach” were held at the University of Cambridge and the University of Dundee in the UK in 2010.

  2. A sample of the English-language literature includes Francis X. Blouin, Jr. and William G. Rosenberg, editors, Processing the Past: Contesting Authorities in History and the Archives (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2011); Cheryl Avery and Mona Holmlund, Better Off Forgetting?: Essays on Archives, Public Policy, and Collective Memory (University of Toronto Press, 2010); Jeannette A. Bastian and Ben Alexander, eds., Community Archives: The Shaping of Memory (Facet, 2009); Randall C. Jimerson, Archives Power: Memory, Accountability, and Social Justice (Chicago: Society of American Archivists, 2009); Francis X. Blouin, Jr. and William G. Rosenberg, eds., Archives, Documentation, and Institutions of Social Memory: Essays from the Sawyer Seminar (Ann Arbor, Michigan: University of Michigan Press, 2007); and Jeannette Allis Bastian, Owning Memory: How a Caribbean Community Lost its Archives and Found Its History (Westport, Connecticut: Libraries Unlimited, 2003).

  3. A search of Google Scholar for works from Biology, Life Sciences, and Environmental Science; Business, Administration, Finance, and Economics; and Social Sciences, Arts, and Humanities, containing exact phrase “collective memory” and published between 1980 and 2011, yielded 27,100 results (Google Scholar Advanced Search, July 24, 2011).

  4. We return later to questions of language bias and reliance on journals alone to seed a citation network.

  5. The Journal of the Society of Archivists is a high-impact English-language archival journal that we decided early on to exclude from our analysis based on an initial assessment that the topic of collective memory was not very frequently a point of emphasis.

  6. Seed articles are listed in the “Appendix”. A seed article refers to one of the 165 articles from the four seed journals. A cited reference is any qualifying source extracted from a seed article. Some seed articles are also cited references.

  7. We selected seed articles published in the four leading journals from 1980 to 2010. Three journals are tied to large professional associations and available electronically, and according to data from Ulrichsweb: Global Serials Directory, they have the largest circulation of active scholarly archival journals. In their 2010 analysis, Archival Science and Archivaria are the only archival journals receiving an A+ ranking from the Australian Research Council and the other two received an A rank (See the rankings of archival journals at http://aeri2010.wetpaint.com/thread/3891876/Archival+Journal+Ranking). Further, our analysis of data collected by Bastian and Yakel (2006) shows these four journals dominate over all the others in the frequency their articles appear on archival syllabi in North America, the region with the largest number of institutions granting degrees in archives. We begin our study in 1980 because, as Kerwein Lee Klein (2000, p. 127) argues, few academics gave much attention to collective memory until the “great swell of popular interest in autobiographical literature, family genealogy, and museums that marked the seventies”.

  8. Seed articles failing to yield references and not cited were removed from network analysis.

  9. We excluded appearances in abstracts, footnotes, endnotes, titles, page headers, and descriptors.

  10. The 1951, 1980, and 1992 editions were treated as a single work in network analyses.

  11. Every measure in bibliometrics, including approaches to normalization, is the subject of a vast literature and often raging controversies. See De Bellis (2009) for a thorough review.

  12. Possible in-degree was calculated as the sum of the number of all future seed articles plus half of the number of seed articles published the same year.

  13. Hummon and Doreian (1989) validate their algorithm which correctly identified nearly all the seminal articles about DNA identified by other accepted means.

  14. All cited at least 3 times by seed articles except for three articles cited only twice but at least once by Brothman, which are included because of their high Eigenvector centrality.

  15. HITS is Hyperlinked Induced Topic Search but is more often just called HITS or Hubs and Authorities.

  16. This represents a scaling ratio of 30.469. The MST Pathfinder algorithm used for pruning was implemented in Sci2. We deleted 54 isolates.

  17. TS = ("collective memory") OR TS = ("social memory") OR TS = ("public memory")) AND Language = (English)

    Timespan = 1980–2010. Databases = SCI-EXPANDED, SSCI, A&HCI, CPCI-S, CPCI-SSH, BKCI-S, BKCI-SSH. Lemmatization = On.

  18. Potentially interesting journals frequently publishing articles on collective memory include the familiar history journals Public Historian (17), American Historical Review (15), and Journal of American History (12). Leading journals archivists tend not to cite but which are heavily engaged in collective memory scholarship include the communication and media studies journals Symbolic Interaction (12), Quarterly Journal of Speech (11), and Media Culture and Society (11) and the anthropological journals American Ethnologist and American Anthropologist with 10 articles each. The sociological journals Contemporary Sociology, American Journal of Sociology, and the American Sociological Review each published 11 articles on collective memory from 1980 to 2010.

  19. We began an analysis of data from the SCOPUS database with more titles than WoS (though a larger percentage are something other than academic journals) and which apparently has better coverage of Asia and slightly better coverage of South America. Another difference is that while the total percentage of journals in both WoS and SCOPUS from North America and Europe is similar, they differ in their relative share with a greater volume of and reliance on European journals in the SCOPUS database. This effort was set aside due to the complexities of comparing datasets derived from the two databases and because as a much newer product SCOPUS has indexed fewer older works and provides full access to cited references only since 1996.

  20. Burst analysis performed in Sci2. A possible fallacy of equivocation is obvious as incidence measures can obscure semantic differences: ‘Archives’ means many things, including meanings some archivists may not embrace. We think this is further incentive for archivists to join the discussion: if others believe ‘archives’ (as they understand them) are factors of interest in collective memory, we think archivists and our perspectives should help inform them.

  21. Words appearing in titles and abstracts were first normalized in Sci2 which entails converting all text to lower case, tokeinization (eliminating punctuation and spaces) and stemmed (archiv for archives, archivalization, etc.). Standard stop words are removed. Using WordStat 6.0, we calculated word similarity using the Sorensen similarity coefficient (2a/(2a + b + c)) where a is co-occurrences of two item (words), while b and c represent cases where one or the other item is present alone. For details see the WordStat 6.0 manual.

References

  • Bartlett FC (1932) Remembering: a study in experimental and social psychology. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge

    Google Scholar 

  • Bastian JA (2003) Owning memory: how a Caribbean community lost its archives and found its history. Libraries Unlimited, Westport, CT

    Google Scholar 

  • Bastian JA (2006) Reading colonial records through an archival lens: the provenance of place space and creation. Arch Sci 6(3–4):267–284

    Google Scholar 

  • Bastian JA (2009) Flowers for homestead: a case study in archives and collective memory. Am Arch 72(1):113–132

    Google Scholar 

  • Berners-Lee T et al (2006) A framework for web science. Found Trends Web Sci 1(1):1–130

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Blouin FX, Rosenberg WG (2007) Preface. In: Blouin FX, Rosenberg (eds) Archives, documentation and institutions of social memory essays from the Sawyer Seminar. University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, pp. vii–ix

  • Brothman B (2001) The past that archives keep: memory, history and the preservation of archival records. Archivaria 51:48–80

    Google Scholar 

  • Calero-Medina C, Noyons ECM (2008) Combining mapping and citation network analysis for a better understanding of the scientific development: the case of the absorptive capacity field. J Inf 2(4):272–279

    Google Scholar 

  • Caswell M (2010) Khmer Rouge archives: accountability, truth, and memory in Cambodia. Arch Sci 10(1):25–44

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cook T (1994) Electronic records paper minds: the revolution in information management and archives in a post-custodial and post-modernist era. Arch Manuscr 22(2):300–328

    Google Scholar 

  • Cook T (1997) What is past is prologue: a history of archival ideas since 1898, and the future paradigm shift. Archivaria 43:17–63

    Google Scholar 

  • Cook T (2000) Beyond the screen: the records continuum and archival cultural heritage. Paper presented at Australian Society Archivists Conference, Melbourne, 18 August 2000

  • Cox RJ (1993) The concept of public memory and its impact. Archivaria 36:122–135

    Google Scholar 

  • Craig BL (2002) Selected themes in the literature on memory and their pertinence to archives. Am Arch 65(Fall-Win):276–289

    Google Scholar 

  • Cronin B (1981) The need for a theory of citing. J Documentation 37(1):16–24

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Damasio A (1994/2005) Descartes’ error: emotion, reason, and the human brain. Penguin, New York

  • Damasio A (1999) The feeling of what happens: body and emotion in the making of consciousness. Harcourt, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • De Bellis N (2009) Bibliometrics and citation analysis: from the science citation index to cybermetrics. Rowman and Littlefield, Lanham

    Google Scholar 

  • de Solla Price DJ (1965) Networks of scientific papers. Science 149(3683):510–515

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Demaine J (2009) A main path domain map as digital library interface. In: Proceedings of the SPIE 7243, 72430G, 19 January, San Jose

  • Derrida J (1996) Archive fever: a Freudian impression. University of Chicago Press, Chicago

    Google Scholar 

  • Durkheim E (1912/1965) The elementary forms of the religious life. Trans. Swain JW. The Free Press, New York

  • Erll A, Nünning A (2008) Cultural memory studies: an interdisciplinary and international handbook. Walter de Gruyter, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Foote K (1990) To remember and forget: archives, memory, and culture. Am Arch 53(3):378–392

    Google Scholar 

  • Gilliland-Swetland AJ (1992) Archive and the computer: a citation analysis of north American periodical articles. Arch Issues 17(2):95–112

    Google Scholar 

  • Girvan M, Newman MEJ (2002) Community structure in social and biological networks. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 99:7821–7826

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Halbwachs M (1925) Les Travaux de L’Année Sociologique. F. Alcan, Paris

    Google Scholar 

  • Halbwachs M (1992) On collective memory. Trans. and ed. Lewis A. Coser. University of Chicago Press, Chicago

  • Harris V (1997) Claiming less delivering more: a critique of positivist formulations on archives in South Africa. Archivaria 44:132–141

    Google Scholar 

  • Harris V (2002) The archival sliver: power, memory, and archives in South Africa. Arch Sci 2(1):63–86

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Harvey-Brown R, Davis-Brown B (1998) The making of memory: the politics of archives, libraries and museums in the construction of national consciousness. Hist Hum Sci 11(4):17–32

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Harzing AW (2007) Publish or Perish. http://www.harzing.com/pop.htm

  • Harzing AW, van der Wal R (2008) Google Scholar as a new source for citation analysis. Ethics Sci Env Pol 8:61–73

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hedstrom ML (2002) Archives, memory, and interfaces with the past. Arch Sci 2(1–2):21–43

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hedstrom ML (2010) Archives and collective memory: more than a metaphor, less than an analogy. In: Eastwood T, MacNeil H (eds) Currents of archival thinking. Libraries Unlimited, Santa Barbara, pp 163–179

    Google Scholar 

  • Hummon NP, Doreian P (1989) Connectivity in a citation network: the development of DNA theory. Soc Netw 11(1):39–63

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Jimerson RC (2009) Constructing memory. In: Jimerson RC (ed) Archives power: memory, accountability, and social justice. Soc Am Arch, Chicago

    Google Scholar 

  • Josias A (2011) Toward an understanding of archives as a feature of collective memory. Arch Sci 11(1–2):95–112

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kansteiner W (2002) Finding meaning in memory: a methodological critique of collective memory studies. Hist Theory 41(2):179–197

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ketelaar E (2001) Tacit narratives: the meanings of archives. Arch Sci 1(2):131–141

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ketelaar E (2005) Sharing: collected memories in communities of records. Arch Manuscr 33(1):44–61

    Google Scholar 

  • Ketelaar E (2008) Archives as spaces of memory. J Soc Arch 29(1):9–27

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Klein KL (2000) On the emergence of memory in historical discourse. Representation 69(Winter):127–150

    Google Scholar 

  • Kleinberg JM (1998) Authoritative sources in a hyperlinked environment. http://www.cs.cornell.edu/home/kleinber/auth.pdf

  • Kleinberg JM (2002) Bursty and Hierarchical Structure in Streams. In: Proceedings of the 8th ACM SIGKDD international conference on knowledge discovery and data mining, July 23–26, 2002 Edmonton, Alberta, Canada

  • Millar L (2006) Considering the relationship between memory and archives. Archivaria 61:105–126

    Google Scholar 

  • Lievrouw LA (1990) Reconciling structure and process in the study of scholarly communication. In: Borgman C (ed) Scholarly communications and bibliometrics. Sage, Newbury Park, CA

    Google Scholar 

  • Lowenthal D (1985) The past is foreign country. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge

    Google Scholar 

  • MacRoberts B, MacRoberts M (1987) Testing the Ortega hypothesis: facts and artifacts. Scientometrics 12(5):293–295

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • McIntosh R (1998) The great war, archives, and modern memory. Archivaria 46:1–31

    Google Scholar 

  • Misztal BA (2003) Theories of social remembering. Open University Press, Maidenhead UK

    Google Scholar 

  • Nannelli E (2009) Memory, records, history: the records of the commission for reception, truth, and reconciliation in Timor-Leste. Arch Sci 9(1):29–41

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Olick JK (1999) Collective memory: the two cultures. Soc Theory 17(3):333–348

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Olick J (2007a) The politics of regret: on collective memory and historical responsibility. Routledge, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Olick J (2007b) States of memory: continuities, conflicts, and transformations in national retrospection. Duke University Press, Durham

  • Olick JK, Robbins J (1998) Social memory studies: from collective memory to the historical sociology of mnemonic practices. Ann Rev Soc 24:105–140

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Olick J, Vinitzky-Seroussi V, Levy D (2011) The collective memory reader. Oxford University Press, Oxford

    Google Scholar 

  • O’Toole J (1993) The symbolic significance of archives. Am Arch 56(2):234–255

    Google Scholar 

  • Paul DiMaggio (1997) Culture and Cognition. Ann Rev Sociol 23:263–287

    Google Scholar 

  • Piggott M (2005a) Building collective memory archives. Arch Manuscr 33(1):62–83

    Google Scholar 

  • Piggott M (2005b) Archives and memory. In: McKemmish S, Piggott M, Reed B, Upward F (eds) Archives: recordkeeping in Society. Charles Sturt University Centre for Information Studies, Wagga Wagga, pp 299–328

    Google Scholar 

  • Punzalan RL (2006) Archives of the new possession: Spanish colonial records and the American creation of a ‘national’ archives for the Philippines. Arch Sci 6(3–4):381–392

    Google Scholar 

  • Punzalan RL (2009) ‘All the things we cannot articulate’: colonial leprosy archives and community commemoration. In: Bastian JA, Alexander B (eds) Community archives: the shaping of memory. Facet, London, pp 197–219

  • Quirin A, Cordon O, Guerrero-Bote V, Vargas-Quesada B, Moya-Anegnon F (2008) A quick MST-based algorithm to obtain Pathfinder networks (∞, n − 1). JASIST 59:1912–1924

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Schacter DL (1995) Memory distortion: how minds, brains, and societies reconstruct the past. Harvard University Press, Cambridge MA

    Google Scholar 

  • Schacter DL (1996) Searching for memory: the brain, the mind, and the past. Basic Books, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Schacter DL (2001) The seven sins of memory: how the mind forgets and remembers. Houghton Mifflin, Boston MA

    Google Scholar 

  • Schoonbaert D, Roelants G (1996) Citation analysis for measuring the value of scientific publications: quality assessment tool or comedy of errors? Trop Med Int Health 1:739–752

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Schwartz B (1982) The social context of commemoration: a study in collective memory. Soc Forces 61:374–402

    Google Scholar 

  • Schwartz JM, Cook T (2002) Archives, records, and power: the making of modern memory. Arch Sci 2(1–2):1–19

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Shin X, Tseng B, Adamic L (2009) Information diffusion in computer science networks. In: Proceedings of the 3rd Int’l AAAI Conference on Weblogs and Social Media. May 17–20, 2009, San Jose, California. AAAI, Palo Alto CA

  • Taylor HA (1982-1983) The collective memory: archives and libraries as heritage. Archivaria 15:118–130

    Google Scholar 

  • Taylor HA (1995) Heritage revisited: documents as artifacts in the context of museums and material culture. Archivaria 40:8–20

    Google Scholar 

  • Valderhaug G (2011) Memory justice and the public record. Arch Sci 11(1–2):13–23

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wallace DA (2011) Introduction: memory ethics–or the presence of the past in the present. Arch Sci 11:1–12

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Weldon MS, Bellinger KD (1997) Collective memory: collaborative and individual processes in remembering. J Exp Psychol Learn Mem Cognit 23(5):1160–1175

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Yan E, Ding Y (2010) Weighted citation: an indicator of an article’s prestige. JASIST 61(18):1635–1636

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA

    Trond Jacobsen & Margaret L. Hedstrom

  2. University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA

    Ricardo L. Punzalan

Authors
  1. Trond Jacobsen
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Ricardo L. Punzalan
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Margaret L. Hedstrom
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Trond Jacobsen.

Appendix: Collective memory network seed articles

Appendix: Collective memory network seed articles

Adami TA (2007) Who will be left to tell the tale? Recordkeeping and international criminal jurisprudence. Arch Sci 7(3): 213–221

Alexander B (2006) Excluding Archival Silences: Oral History and Historical Absence. Arch Sci 6(1): 1–11

Alexander B (2009) ‘What a setting for a mystery’: Yaddo, the Yaddo records, and the memory of place. Arch Sci 9(1–2): 87–98

Anderson SR, Allen RB (2009) Envisioning the Archival Commons. Am Arch 72(1): 113–132

Bastian JA (2001) A Question of Custody: The Colonial Archives of the United States Virgin Islands. Am Arch 64(Spring/Summer): 96–114

Bastian JA (2004) Owning memory: How a Caribbean community lost its archives and found its history. Arch Manuscr 32(1): 140–142

Bastian JA (2006) Reading Colonial Records Through an Archival Lens: The Provenance of Place Space and Creation. Arch Sci 6(3–4): 267–284

Bastian JA (2009a) Flowers for Homestead: A Case Study in Archives and Collective Memory. Am Arch 72(1): 113–132

Bastian JA (2009b) ‘Play mas’: Carnival in the archives and the archives in carnival: records and community identity in the US Virgin Islands. Arch Sci 9(1–2): 113–125

Beard D (2008) From work to text to document. Arch Sci 8(3): 217–226

Blair A, Milligan JS (2007) Introduction. Arch Sci 7(4): 289–296

Boles F (2010) But a Thin Veil of Paper. Am Arch 73(1): 17–25

Bolotenko G (1993) Frost on the Walls in Winter: Russian and Ukrainian Archives since the Great Dislocation (1991–1999). Am Arch 66(Fall–Wint): 271–302

Brothman B (2001) The Past that Archives Keep: Memory, History and the Preservation of Archival Records. Archivaria (51): 48–80

Brothman B (2010) Perfect present, perfect gift: Finding a place for archival consciousness in social theory. Arch Sci 10(2): 141–189

Bruebach N (2003) Archival Science in Germany—Traditions, Developments and Perspectives. Arch Sci 3(4): 379–399

Buckley K (2008) ‘The Truth is in the Red Files’: An Overview of Archives in Popular Culture. Archivaria (66): 95–123

Butler B (2009) ‘Othering’ the archive—from exile to inclusion and heritage dignity: The case of Palestinian archival memory. Arch Sci 9(1–2): 57–69

Carter RGS (2006) Of Things Said and Unsaid: Power, Archival Silences, and Power in Silence. Archivaria (61): 215–233

Caswell M (2010) Khmer Rouge archives: Accountability, truth, and memory in Cambodia. Arch Sci 10(1): 25–44

Clanchy MT (1980) Tenacious Letters: Archives and Memory in the Middle Ages. Archivaria (11): 115–125

Cline SR (2009) To the Limit of Our Integrity: Reflections on Archival Being. Am Arch 72(2): 331–343

Conde A (2005) The symbolic significance of archives: A discussion. Arch Manuscr 33(2): 92–108

Cook T (1994) Electronic Records Paper Minds: The revolution in information management and archives in a post–custodial and post–modernist era. Arch Manuscr 22(2): 300–328

Cook T (1997) What is Past is Prologue: A History of Archival Ideas Since 1898, and the Future Paradigm Shift. Archivaria (43): 17–63

Cook T (2001a) Archival science and postmodernism: New formulations for old concepts. Arch Sci 1(1): 3–24

Cook T (2001b) Fashionable Nonsense or Professional Rebirth: Postmodernism and the Practice of Archives. Archivaria (51): 14–35

Cook T, Schwartz JM (2002) Archives, Records, and Power: From (Postmodern) Theory to (Archival) Performance. Arch Sci 2(3–4): 171–185

Cook Ti (1998) Review Article: Tools of Memory. Archivaria (45): 194–204

Cooke A (1991) What do I do with the rowing oar? The role of memorabilia in school archives. Arch Manuscr 19(1): 57–62

Cox RJ (1993) The Concept of Public Memory and Its Impact. Archivaria (36): 122–135

Cox RJ (1996) The records in the manuscript collection. Arch Manuscr 24(1): 46–61

Cox RJ (2001) Making the Records Speak: Archival Appraisal, Memory, Preservation, and Collecting. Am Arch 64(Fall-Wint): 394–404

Cox RJ (2002) The End of Collecting: Towards a New Purpose for Archival Appraisal. Arch Sci 2(3–4): 287–309

Cox RJ (2005) Public Memory Meets Archival Memory: The Interpretation of Williamsburg’s Secretary’s Office. Am Arch 68(Fall-Wint): 279–296

Cox RJ (2006) Are there really new directions and innovations in archival education? Arch Sci 6(3–4): 247–261

Cox RJ, Larsen RL (2008) iSchools and archival studies. Arch Sci 8(4): 307–326

Craig BL (2001) The Archivist as Planner and Poet: Thoughts on the Larger Issues of Appraisal for Acquisition. Archivaria (52): 175–183

Craig BL (2002a) Rethinking Formal Knowledge and its Practices in the Organization: The British Treasury’s Registry Between 1900 and 1950. Arch Sci 2(1–2): 111–136

Craig BL (2002b) Selected Themes in the Literature on Memory and Their Pertinence to Archives. Am Arch 65(Fall–Wint): 276–289

Cunningham A, Oswald R (2005) Some functions are more equal than others: The development of a macroappraisal strategy for the national archives of Australia. Arch Sci 5(2–4): 163–184

Daniel D (2010) Documenting the Immigrant and Ethnic Experience in Am Archives. Am Arch 73(1): 82–104

Delmas B (2001) Archival science facing the information society. Arch Sci 1(1): 25–37

Deserno I (2009) The value of international business archives: The importance of the archives of multinational companies in shaping cultural identity. Arch Sci 9(3–4): 215–225

Dirks JM (2004) Accountability, History, and Archives: Conflicting Priorities or Synthesized Strands. Archivaria (57): 29–49

Dixon MJ (2005) Beyond sampling: Returning to macroappraisal for the appraisal and selection of case files. Arch Sci 5(2–4): 285–313

Dodge B (2002) Across the Great Divide: Archival Discourse and the (Re)presentations of the Past in Late–Modern Society. Archivaria (53): 16–30

Duff WM, Harris V (2002) Stories and Names: Archival Description as Narrating Records and Constructing Meanings. Arch Sci 2(3–4): 263–285

Dunbar AW (2006) Introducing critical race theory to archival discourse: Getting the conversation started. Arch Sci 6(1): 109–129

Duncan C (2009) Authenticity or Bust. Archivaria (68): 97–118

Durranti L, Thibodeau K (2006) The Concept of Record in Interactive, Experiential and Dynamic Environments: The View of InterPARES*. Arch Sci 6(1): 13–68

Ellis J (1999) Consulting into business archives. Arch Manuscr 27(2): 16–25

Evans J, McKemmish S, Bhoday K (2005) Create Once Use Many Times: The Clever Use of Recordkeeping Metadata for Multiple Archival Purposes. Arch Sci 5(1): 17–42

Fairweather J (2000) Secrets, Lies, and History: Experiences of a Canadian Archivist in Hungary and South Africa. Archivaria (50): 181–192

Faulkhead S (2009) Connecting Through Records. Arch Manuscr 37(2): 60–88

Fisher R (2009) In Search of a Theory of Private Archives: The Foundational Writings of Jenkinson and Schellenberg Revisited. Archivaria (67): 1–24

Flinn A, Stevens M, Shephard E (2009) Whose memories, whose archives? Independent community archives, autonomy and the mainstream. Arch Sci 9(1–2): 71–86

Foote K (1990) To Remember and Forget: Archives, Memory, and Culture. Am Arch 53(3): 378–392

Furner J (2004) Conceptual Analysis: A Method for Understanding Information as Evidence and Evidence as Information. Arch Sci 4(3–4): 233–265

Galloway P (2006) Archives, Power, and History: Dunbar Rowland and the Beginning of the State Archives of Mississippi (1902–1936). Am Arch 69(Spring/Summer): 79–116

Gentile P (2009) Resisted Access? National Security, the Access to Information Act, and Queer(ing) Archives. Archivaria (68): 141–158

Gilliland A, Lau A, Lu Y, McKemmish S, Shilpa R, White K (2007) Pluralizing the Archival Paradigm through Education. Arch Manuscr 35(2): 10–39

Gilliland A, McKemmish S (2004) Building an Infrastructure for Archival Research. Arch Sci 4(3–4): 149–197

Gilliland A, McKemmish S, White K, Lu Y, Lau A (2008) Pluralizing the Archival Paradigm: Can Archival Education in Pacific Rim Communities Address the Challenge? Am Arch 71(Spr–Summ): 87–117

Greene MA (2002) The Power of Meaning: The Archival Mission in the Postmodern Age. Am Arch 65(Spring/Summer): 42–55

Greene MA (2009) The Power of Archives: Archivists Values and Value in the Postmodern Age. Am Arch 72(1): 17–41

Harris V (2002) The Archival Sliver: Power, Memory, and Archives in South Africa. Arch Sci 2(1): 63–86

Hastings E (2011) ‘No longer a silent victim of history’: Repurposing the documents of Japanese American internment. Arch Sci 11(1–2): 25–46

Hedstrom ML (2002) Archives, Memory, and Interfaces with the Past. Arch Sci 2(1–2): 21–43

Hensen SL (2002) Revisiting Mary Jane, or, Dear Cat: Being Archival in the 21st Century. Am Arch 65(Fall-Wint): 168–175

Heon G (2005) The Archives Nationales du Quebec: Memory of a Nation. Archivaria (59): 69–82

Huotari ML, Valtonen MJ (2003) Emerging Themes in Finnish Archival Science and Records Management Education. Arch Sci 3(2): 117–129

Iacovino L (2010) Rethinking archival, ethical and legal frameworks for records of Indigenous Australian communities: A participant relationship model of rights and responsibilities. Arch Sci 10(4): 353–372

Iacovino L, Reed B (2008) Recordkeeping research tools in a multi-disciplinary context for cross-jurisdictional health records systems. Arch Sci 8(1): 37–68

Iacovino L, Todd M (2007) The long-term preservation of identifiable personal data: a comparative archival perspective on privacy regulatory models in the European Union, Australia, Canada and the United States. Arch Sci 7(1): 107–127

Jimerson RC (2005) Documents and Archives in Early America. Archivaria (60): 235–258

Jimerson RC (2006) Embracing the Power of Archives. Am Arch 69(Spring/Summer 2005): 19–32

Jimerson RC (2007) Archives for All: Professional Responsibility and Social Justice. Am Arch 70(Fall-Wint): 252–281

Kaplan E (2002) Many Paths to Partial Truths: Archives Anthropology and the Power of Representation. Arch Sci 2(3–4): 209–220

Kenosi L (2008) Records, National Identity and Post-Apartheid South Africa. Arch Manuscr 36(2): 76–87

Ketelaar E (2000) Archivistics Research Saving the Profession. Am Arch 63(Fall-Wint): 322–340

Ketelaar E (2001) Tacit Narratives: The Meanings of Archives. Arch Sci 1(2): 131–141

Ketelaar E (2002) Archival Temples, Archival Prisons: Modes of Power and Protection. Arch Sci 2(3–4): 221–238

Ketelaar E (2003) Being digital in peoples archives. Arch Manuscr 31(2): 8–22

Ketelaar E (2005) Sharing: Collected memories in communities of records. Arch Manuscr 33(1): 44–61

Ketelaar E (2007) Muniments and monuments: The dawn of archives as cultural patrimony. Arch Sci 7(4): 343–357

Ketelaar E (2010) Records out and archives in: Early modern cities as creators of records and as communities of archives. Arch Sci 10(3): 201–210

Kirchoff T, Schweobenz W, Sieglerschmidt J (2008) Archives, libraries, museums and the spell of ubiquitous knowledge. Arch Sci 8(3): 251–256

Klopfer L (2001) Oral History and Archives in the New South Africa: Methodological Issues. Archivaria (52): 100–125

Koltun L (1999) The Promise and Threat of Digital Options in an Archival Age. Archivaria (47): 114–135

Koltun L (2002) The Architecture of Archives: Whose Form, What Functions? Arch Sci 2(3): 239–261

Light M, Hyry T (2002) Colophons and Annotations: New Directions for the Finding Aid. Am Arch 65(Fall-Wint): 216–230

Loewen C (2005) Accounting for macroappraisal at Library and Archives Canada: From disposition to acquisition and accessibility. Arch Sci 5(2–4): 239–259

Lovblad H (2003) Monk Knight or Artist? The Archivist as a Straddler of a Paradigm. Arch Sci 3(2): 131–155

Lovering TJ (2010) British Colonial Administrations’ registry systems: A comparative study of Northern Rhodesia and Nyasaland. Arch Sci 10(1): 1–23

MacNeil H (2006) From the memory of the act to the act itself. The evolution of written records as proof of jural acts in England 11th to 17th century. Arch Sci 6(3–4): 313–328

Maliniemi K (2009) Public records and minorities: Problems and possibilities for Sámi and Kven. Arch Sci 9(1–2): 15–27

McCarthy G, Sherratt T (1996) Mapping scientific memory: Understanding the role of recordkeeping in scientific practice. Arch Manuscr 24(1): 78–85

McInerny C (2002) Implementation of encoded archival description at the Australian war memorial: A case study. Arch Manuscr 30(2): 72–81

McIntosh R (1998) The Great War, Archives, and Modern Memory. Archivaria (46): 1–31

McKemmish S (1996) Evidence of me. Arch Manuscr 24(1): 28–45

McKemmish S, Gilliland A, Ketelaar E (2005) Communities of memory: Pluralising archival research and education agendas. Arch Manuscr 33(1): 146–174

McKemmish S, Upward F (2006) Teaching recordkeeping and archiving continuum style. Arch Sci 6(3–4): 219–230

McRanor S (1997) Maintaining the Reliability of Aboriginal Oral Records and Their Material Manifestations: Implications for Archival Practice. Archivaria (43): 64–88

Meehan J (2006) Towards an Archival Concept of Towards an Archival Concept of Evidence. Archivaria (61): 127–146

Meehan J (2009) The archival nexus: Rethinking the interplay of archival ideas about the nature, value, and use of records. Arch Sci 9(3–4): 157–164

Menne–Haritz A (2000) Archival Training in a Changing World. Am Arch 63(Fall–Wint): 341–352

Menne–Haritz A (2001) Access—The reformulation of an archival paradigm. Arch Sci 1(1): 57–82

Mifflin J (2009) Closing the Circle: Native American Writings in Colonial New England, a Documentary Nexus between Acculturation and Cultural Preservation. Am Arch 72(3): 344–382

Millar L (1998) Discharging our Debt: The Evolution of the Total Archives Concept in English Canada. Archivaria (46): 103–146

Millar L (1999) The Spirit of Total Archives: Seeking a Sustainable Archival System. Archivaria (47): 46–65

Millar L (2006a) Subject or object? Shaping and reshaping the intersections between aboriginal and non-aboriginal records. Arch Sci 6(3–4): 329–350

Millar L (2006b) Touchstones: Considering the Relationship between Memory and Archives. Archivaria (61): 105–126

Milligan JS (2007) Curious Archives: Making the Musée de l’histoire de France in the Archives of the Second Empire. Arch Sci 7(4): 359–367

Montgomery BP (2004) Fact-Finding by Human Rights Non-Governmental Organizations: Challenges Strategies, and the Shaping of Archival Evidence. Archivaria (58): 21–50

Montgomery BP (2010) Returning Evidence to the Scene of the Crime: Why the Anfal Files Should be Repatriated to Iraqi Kurdistan. Archivaria (69): 143–171

Nannelli E (2009) Memory, records, history: The Records of the Commission for Reception, Truth, and Reconciliation in Timor-Leste. Arch Sci 9(1): 29–41

Nesmith T (2002) Seeing Archives: Postmodernism and the Changing Intellectual Place of Archives. Am Arch 65(Spring/Summer 2002): 24–41

Nesmith T (2005) Reopening Archives: Bringing New Contextualities into Archival Theory and Practice. Archivaria (60): 259–274

O’Sullivan C (2005) Diaries, On-line Diaries, and the Future Loss to Archives; or, Blogs and the Blogging Bloggers Who Blog Them. Am Arch 68(Spring/Summer 2007): 53–73

O’Toole J (1993) The Symbolic Significance of Archives. Am Arch 56(2): 234–255

O’Toole J (2004) Archives and Historical Accountability: Toward a Moral Theology of Archives. Archivaria (58): 3–19

Pearce-Moses R (2007) Janus in Cyberspace: Archives on the Threshold of the Digital Era. Am Arch 70(Spring/Summer 2003): 13–22

Piggott M (2005a) Building collective memory archives. Arch Manuscr 33(1): 62–83

Punzalan RL (2006) Archives of the new possession: Spanish colonial records and the American creation of a ‘national’ archives for the Philippines. Arch Sci 6(3–4): 381–392

Pylypchuk MA (1991) The Value of Aboriginal Records as Legal Evidence in Canada: An Examination of Sources. Archivaria (32): 51–77

Reed B (2005) Beyond perceived boundaries: Imagining the potential of pluralised recordkeeping. Arch Manuscr 33(1): 176–198

Riley J (1997) Integrating archival programs into the core business of the independent school. Arch Manuscr 25(1): 50–61

Roberts J (2001) One Size Fits All? The Portability of Macro-Appraisal by a Comparative Analysis of Canada, South Africa, and New Zealand. Archivaria (52): 47–68

Roberts-Moore J (2002) Establishing Recognition of Past Injustices: Uses of Archival Records in Documenting the Experience of Japanese Canadians During the Second World War. Archivaria (53): 64–75

Rosen F (2008) Off the record: Outsourcing security and state building to private firms and the question of record keeping, archives, and collective memory. Arch Sci 8(1): 1–14

Rosenberg WG (2001) Politics in the (Russian) Archives: The “Objectivity Question”, Trust, and the Limitations of Law. Am Arch 64(Spring/Summer 2001): 78–95

Russell L (2006) Indigenous records and archives: Mutual obligations and building trust. Arch Manuscr 34(1): 32–43

Sassoon J (2007) Sharing Our Story: An Archaeology of Archival Thought. Arch Manuscr 35(2): 40–55

Sassoon J, Burrows T (2009) Minority reports: indigenous and community voices in archives. Papers from the 4th International Conference on the History of Records and Archives (ICHORA4), Perth, Western Australia, August 2008. Arch Sci 9(1): 1–5

Schwartz JM (2000) Records of Simple Truth and Precision: Photography, Archives, and the Illusion of Control. Archivaria (50): 1–40

Schwartz JM (2006) Having New Eyes: Spaces of Archives, Landscapes of Power. Archivaria (61): 1–25

Schwartz JM, Cook T (2002) Archives, Records, and Power: The Making of Modern Memory. Arch Sci 2(1–2): 1–19

Shepherd E (2009) Culture and evidence: or what good are the archives? Archives and archivists in twentieth century England. Arch Sci 9(3–4): 173–185

Simonson K (2006) Memories Resurrected In Context: Gender and Remembrance in Charlotte Black’s Scrapbook. Archivaria (62): 179–197

Sinn D (2010) Room for archives? Use of archival materials in No Gun Ri research. Arch Sci 10(2): 117–140

Sloggett R (2005) Valuing significance or signifying value? Culture in a global context. Arch Manuscr 33(2): 110–129

Swain ED (2003) Oral History in the Archives: Its Documentary Role in the Twenty-first Century. Am Arch 66(1) (Spring/Summer): 139–158

Symons THB (1982) Archives and Canadian Studies. Archivaria (15): 58–69

Taylor HA (1982–1983) The Collective Memory: Archives and Libraries as Heritage. Archivaria (15) (Winter 1982–83):118–130

Taylor HA (1995) Heritage Revisited: Documents as Artifacts in the Context of Museums and Material Culture. Archivaria (40): 8–20

Timms K (2009) New Partnerships for Old Sibling Rivals: The Development of Integrated Access Systems for the Holdings of Archives, Libraries, and Museums. Archivaria (68): 67–95

Tjiek LT (2009) Surabaya Memory: Representing Minority Voices in the Digital History of a City. Arch Manuscr 37(2): 127–137

Todd M (2006) Power, Identity, Integrity, Authenticity, and the Archives: A Comparative Study of the Application of Archival Methodologies to Contemporary Privacy. Archivaria (61): 181–214

Trace CB (2002) What is Recorded is Never Simply `What Happened’: Record Keeping in Modern Organizational Culture. Arch Sci 2(1–2): 137–159

Tyacke S (2001) Archives in a Wider World: The Culture and Politics of Archives. Archivaria (52): 1–25

Upward F (2005) Continuum mechanics and memory banks: (1) multi-polarity. Arch Manuscr 33(1): 84–109

Upward F (2005) Continuum mechanics and memory banks: (2) the making of culture. Arch Manuscr 33(2): 18–51

Valderhaug G (2011) Memory Justice and the Public Record. Arch Sci 11 (1–2): 13–23

Wake P (2008) Writing from the archive: Henry Garnet’s powder-plot letters and archival communication. Arch Sci 8(2): 69–84

Wareham E (2001) Our Own Identity, Our Own Taonga, Our Own Self Coming Back: Indigenous Voices in New Zealand Record-Keeping. Archivaria (52): 26–46

Wareham E (2002) From Explorers to Evangelists: Archivists Recordkeeping and Remembering in the Pacific Islands. Arch Sci 2(1): 187–202

Wexler G, Long L (2009) Lifetimes and Legacies_ Mortality, Immortality, and the Needs of Aging and Dying Donors. Am Arch 72(2): 478–495

White K (2009) Meztizaje and remembering in Afro-Mexican communities of the Costa Chica: implications for archival education in Mexico. Arch Sci 9(1–2): 43–55

Wickman D (2000) Bright specimens for the curious or the somewhat imponderable guided by the unfathomable: Use users and appraisal in archival literature. Arch Manuscr 28(1): 64–79

Wilson IE (2000) The Fine Art of Destruction Revisited. Archivaria (49): 124–139

Withers CWJ, Grout A (2006) Authority in Space?: Creating a Digital Web-based Map Archive. Archivaria (61): 27–46

Wozny ML (2009) National Audiovisual Preservation Initiatives and the Independent Media Arts in Canada. Archivaria (67): 87–113

Wurl J (2005) Documenting Displacement: The Migration of Archival Sources From Post-WW II East European Émigré Groups. Arch Sci 5(2–4): 79–92

Yeo G (2010) ‘Nothing is the same as something else’: significant properties and notions of identity and originality. Arch Sci 10(2): 85–116

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Jacobsen, T., Punzalan, R.L. & Hedstrom, M.L. Invoking “collective memory”: mapping the emergence of a concept in archival science. Arch Sci 13, 217–251 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10502-013-9199-4

Download citation

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10502-013-9199-4

Keywords

Search

Navigation