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Barriers to Mental Health care in Canada Identified by Healthcare Providers: A Scoping Review

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Abstract

The mental health treatment gap remains wide across the world despite mental illness being a significant cause of disability globally. Both end-user and healthcare provider perspectives are critical to understanding barriers to mental healthcare and developing interventions. However, the views of providers are relatively understudied. In this review, we synthesized findings from current literature regarding providers’ perspectives on barriers to mental healthcare in Canada. We searched Medline, PsycINFO, Embase, and CINAHL for eligible Canadian studies published since 2000. Analysis and quality assessment were conducted on the included studies. Of 4,773 reports screened, 29 moderate-high quality studies were reviewed. Five themes of barriers emerged: health systems availability and complexity (reported in 72% of the studies), work conditions (55%), training/education (52%), patient accessibility (41%), and identity-based sensitivity (17%). Common barriers included lack of resources, fragmented services, and gaps in continuing education. Interestingly, clinicians often cited confusion in determining the ideal service for patients due to an overwhelming number of potential services without clear descriptions. These five domains of barriers present a synthesized review of areas of improvement for mental healthcare spanning both patients and clinicians. Canadian mental health systems face a need to improve capacity, clinician training, and in particular service navigability and collaboration.

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Acknowledgements

We wish to acknowledge Rachel Couban, McMaster Health Sciences Library for their advice in developing a robust search strategy. The abstract was presented and awarded recognition by an International Division Poster Bursary Prize at the 2022 International Congress of the Royal College of Psychiatry in Edinburgh, UK.

Funding

This work is supported by a McMaster Medical Student Research Excellence Award from the McMaster University Michael G. DeGroote School of Medicine.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurosciences, McMaster University/St Joseph’s Healthcare Hamilton, 100 West 5th Street, Hamilton, ON, L8N 3K7, Canada

    Jeffrey Wang, Stanislav P. Pasyk, Claire Slavin-Stewart & Andrew T. Olagunju

  2. Discipline of Psychiatry, The University of Adelaide, North Terrace, Adelaide, SA, 5000, Australia

    Andrew T. Olagunju

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  1. Jeffrey Wang
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  4. Andrew T. Olagunju
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Wang, J., Pasyk, S.P., Slavin-Stewart, C. et al. Barriers to Mental Health care in Canada Identified by Healthcare Providers: A Scoping Review. Adm Policy Ment Health (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10488-024-01366-2

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