Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Pistricoccus aurantiacus gen. nov., sp. nov., a moderately halophilic bacterium isolated from a shark

  • Original Paper
  • Published:
Antonie van Leeuwenhoek Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

A novel Gram-stain negative, non-motile, moderately halophilic, facultatively anaerobic and spherical bacterium designated strain SS9T was isolated from the gill homogenate of a shark. Cells of SS9T were observed to be 0.8–1.2 μm in diameter. The strain was found to grow optimally at 33 °C, pH 7.0–8.0 and in the presence of 6.0 % (w/v) NaCl. On the basis of 16S rRNA gene phylogeny, strain SS9T can be affiliated with the family Halomonadaceae and is closely related to Chromohalobacter marismortui NBRC 103155T (95.6 % sequence similarity), Halomonas ilicicola SP8T (95.6 %) and Chromohalobacter salexigens DSM 3043T (95.5 %). Multilocus sequence analysis of strain SS9T using the housekeeping genes 16S rRNA, 23S rRNA, gyrB, rpoD and secA revealed the strain’s distinct phylogenetic position, separate from other known genera of the family Halomonadaceae. Strain SS9T was found to contain ubiquinone-9 (Q-9) as the predominant ubiquinone and C18:1 ω7c, C16:0 and summed feature 3 (C16:1 ω7c and/or iso-C15:0 2-OH) as the major fatty acids. The major polar lipids of strain SS9T were identified as phosphatidylglycerol and phosphatidylethanolamine. The DNA G + C content of strain SS9T was determined to be 60.4 mol%. It is evident from phylogenetic, genotypic, phenotypic and chemotaxonomic results that strain SS9T represents a novel species in a new genus, for which the name Pistricoccus aurantiacus gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is SS9T (=KCTC 42586T = MCCC 1H00111T).

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Anan’ina LN, Plotnikova EG, Gavrish EIu, Demakov VA, Evtushenko LI (2007) Salinicola socius gen. nov., sp. nov., a moderately halophilic bacterium from a naphthalene-utilizing microbial association. Mikrobiologiia 76:369–376 (English translation of Mikrobiologiia)

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Arahal DR, Ventosa A (2006) The family Halomonadaceae. In: Dworkin M, Falkow S, Rosenberg E, Schleifer K-H, Stackebrandt E (eds) The prokaryotes, vol. 6 (Proteobacteria: Gamma subclass), 3rd edn. Springer, New York, pp 811–835

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Arahal DR, Garcia MT, Vargas C, Canovas D, Nieto JJ, Ventosa A (2001a) Chromohalobacter salexigens sp. nov., a moderately halophilic species that includes Halomonas elongata DSM 3043 and ATCC 33174. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 51:1457–1462

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Arahal DR, Garcia MT, Ludwig W, Schleifer KH, Ventosa A (2001b) Transfer of Halomonas canadensis and Halomonas israelensis to the genus Chromohalobacter as Chromohalobacter canadensis comb. nov. and Chromohalobacter israelensis comb. nov. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 51:1443–1448

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Arahal DR, Castillo AM, Ludwig W, Schleifer KH, Ventosa A (2002) Proposal of Cobetia marina gen. nov., comb. nov., within the family Halomonadaceae, to include the species Halomonas marina. Syst Appl Microbiol 25:207–211

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Arahal DR, Vreeland RH, Litchfield CD, Mormile MR, Tindall BJ, Oren A, Bejar V, Quesada E, Ventosa A (2007) Recommended minimal standards for describing new taxa of the family Halomonadaceae. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 57:2436–2446

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Arenas M, Banõń PI, Copa-Patinõ JL, Sánchez-Porro C, Ventosa A, Soliveri J (2009) Halomonas ilicicola sp. nov., a moderately halophilic bacterium isolated from a saltern. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 59:578–582

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Ben Ali Gam Z, Abdelkafi S, Casalot L, Tholozan JL, Oueslati R, Labat M et al (2007) Modicisalibacter tunisiensis gen. nov., sp. nov., an aerobic, moderately halophilic bacterium isolated from an oilfieldwater injection sample, and emended description of the family Halomonadaceae Franzmann et al. 1989 emend Dobson and Franzmann 1996 emend. Ntougias et al. 2007. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 57:2307–2313

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Bowman JP (2000) Description of Cellulophaga algicola sp. nov., isolated from the surfaces of Antarctic algae, and reclassification of Cytophaga uliginosa (ZoBell and Upham 1944) Reichenbach 1989 as Cellulophaga uliginosa comb. nov. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 50:1861–1868

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • CLSI (2012) Performance standards for antimicrobial susceptibility testing; 22nd informational supplement M100-S22. Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute, Wayne

    Google Scholar 

  • Cowan ST, Steel KJ (1965) Manual for the identification of medical bacteria. Cambridge University Press, London

    Google Scholar 

  • de la Haba RR, Arahal DR, Márquez MC, Ventosa A (2010) Phylogenetic relationships within the family Halomonadaceae based on comparative 23S and 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 60:737–748

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • de la Haba RR, Márquez MC, Papke RT, Ventosa A (2012) Multilocus sequence analysis of the family Halomonadaceae. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 62:520–538

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Dong XZ, Cai MY (eds) (2001) Chapter 14. Determination of biochemical characteristics. In manual for the systematic identification of general bacteria. Science Press, Beijing, pp 370–398

    Google Scholar 

  • Du ZJ, Wang Y, Dunlap C, Rooney AP, Chen GJ (2014) Draconibacterium orientale gen. nov., sp. nov., isolated from two distinct marine environments, and proposal of Draconibacteriaceae fam. nov. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 64:1690–1696

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Elazari-Volcani B (1940) Studies on the microflora of the Dead Sea. Ph.D. thesis, Hebrew University, Jerusalem

  • Felsenstein J (1981) Evolutionary trees from DNA sequences: a maximum likelihood approach. J Mol Evol 17:368–376

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Felsenstein J (2005) PHYLIP (Phylogeny Inference Package) version 3.6. Distributed by the author. Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle

  • Fendrich C (1988) Halovibrio variabilis gen. nov., sp. nov., Pseudomonas halophila sp. nov. and a new halophilic aerobic coccoid Eubacterium from Great Salt Lake, Utah, USA. Syst Appl Microbiol 11:36–43

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fitch WM (1971) Towards defining the course of evolution: minimum change for a specific tree topology. Syst Zool 20:406–416

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Franzmann PD, Wehmeyer U, Stackebrandt E (1988) Halomonadaceae fam. nov., a new family of the class Proteobacteria to accommodate the genera Halomonas and Deleya. Syst Appl Microbiol 11:16–19

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Garriga M, Ehrmann MA, Arnau J, Hugas M, Vogel RF (1998) Carnimonas nigrificans gen. nov., sp. nov., a bacterial causative agent for black spot formation on cured meat products. Int J Syst Bacteriol 48:677–686

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Gordon RE, Smith MM (1955) Rapidly growing, acid fast bacteria. II. Species description of Mycobacterium fortuitum Cruz. J Bacteriol 69:502–507

    CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Huval JH, Latta R, Wallace R, Kushner DJ, Vreeland RH (1995) Description of two new species of Halomonas: Halomonas israelensis sp. nov. and Halomonas canadensis sp. nov. Can J Microbiol 41:1124–1131

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Ivanova EP, Flavier S, Christen R (2004) Phylogenetic relationships among marine Alteromonas-like proteobacteria: emended description of the family Alteromonadaceae and proposal of Pseudoalteromonadaceae fam. nov., Colwelliaceae fam. nov., Shewanellaceae fam. nov., Moritellaceae fam. nov., Ferrimonadaceae fam. nov., Idiomarinaceae fam. nov. and Psychromonadaceae fam. nov. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 54:1773–1788

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Jukes TH, Cantor CR (1969) Evolution of the protein molecules. In: Munro HN (ed) Mammalian protein metabolism. Academic Press, New York, pp 21–132

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Kim OS, Cho YJ, Lee K, Yoon SH, Kim M, Na H, Park SC, Jeon YS, Lee JH, Yi H, Won S, Chun J (2012) Introducing EzTaxon-e: a prokaryotic 16S rRNA gene sequence data-basewithphylotypes thatrepresent uncultured species. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 62:716–721

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kimura M (1980) A simple method for estimating evolutionary rates of base substitutions through comparative studies of nucleotide sequences. J Mol Evol 16:111–120

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • León MJ, Sánchez-Porro C, de la Haba RR, Llamas I, Ventosa A (2014) Larsenia salina gen. nov., sp. nov., a new member of the family Halomonadaceae based on multilocus sequence analysis. Syst Appl Microbiol 37:480–487

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Li JH, Oliver IM, Cam N, Boudier T, Blondeau M, Leroy E, Cosmidis J, Skouri-Panet F, Guigner JM, Férard C, Poinsot M, Moreira D, Lopez-Garcia P, Cassier-Chauvat C, Chauvat F, Benzerara K (2016) Biomineralization patterns of intracellular carbonatogenesis in cyanobacteria: molecular hypotheses. Minerals. doi:10.3390/min6010010

    Google Scholar 

  • Ludwig W, Strunk O, Westram R, Richter L, Meier H, Yadhukumar Buchner A, Lai T, Steppi S et al (2004) ARB: a software environment for sequence data. Nucleic Acids Res 32:1363–1371

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Martίnez-Cánovas MJ, Quesada E, Llamas I, Béjar V (2004) Halomonas ventosae sp. nov., a moderately halophilic, denitrifying, exopolysaccharide-producing bacterium. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 54:733–737

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mata JA, Martίnez-Cánovas J, Quesada E, Béjar V (2002) A detailed phenotypic characterisation of the type strains of Halomonas species. Syst Appl Microbiol 25:360–375

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Mesbah M, Premachandran U, Whitman WB (1989) Precise measurement of the G + C content of deoxyribonucleic acid by high-performance liquid chromatography. Int J Syst Bacteriol 39:159–167

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Minnikin DE, ODonnell AG, Goodfellow M, Alderson G, Athalye M, Schaal A, Parlett JH (1984) An integrated procedure for the extraction of bacterial isoprenoid quinones and polar lipids. J Microbiol Methods 2:233–241

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ntougias S, Zervakis GI, Fasseas C et al (2007) Halotalea alkalilenta gen. nov., sp. nov., a novel osmotolerant and alkalitolerant bacterium from alkaline olive mill wastes, and emended description of the family Halomonadaceae Franzmann et al. 1989, emend. Dobson and Franzmann 1996. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 57:1975–1983

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Okamoto T, Taguchi H, Nakamura K, Ikenaga H, Kuraishi H, Yamasato K (1993) Zymobacter palmae gen. nov., sp. nov., a new ethanol-fermenting peritrichous bacterium isolated from palm sap. Arch Microbiol 160:333–337

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Peçonek J, Gruber C, Gallego V, Ventosa A, Busse H-J, Kämpfer P, Radax C, Stan-Lotter H (2006) Reclassification of Pseudomonas beijerinckii Hof 1935 as Chromohalobacter beijerinckii comb. nov., and emended description of the species. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 56:1953–1957

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Pruesse E, Peplies J, Glöckner FO (2012) SINA: accurate highthroughput multiple sequence alignment of ribosomal RNA genes. Bioinformatics 28:1823–1829

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Quesada E, Valderrama MJ, Béjar V, Ventosa A, Gutierrez MC, Ruiz-Berraquero F, Ramos-Cormenzana A (1990) Volcaniella eurihalina gen. nov., sp. nov., a moderately halophilic nonmotile gram-negative rod. Int J Syst Bacteriol 40:261–267

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Saitou N, Nei M (1987) The neighbor-joining method: a new method for reconstructing phylogenetic trees. Mol Biol Evol 4:406–425

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Sánchez-Porro C, de la Haba RR, Soto-Ramírez N, Márquez MC, MontalvoRodríguez R, Ventosa A (2009) Description of Kushneria aurantia gen. nov., sp. nov., a novel member of the family Halomonadaceae, and a proposal for reclassification of Halomonas marisflavi as Kushneria marisflavi comb. nov., of Halomonas indalinina as Kushneria indalinina comb. nov. and of Halomonas avicenniae as Kushneria avicenniae comb. nov. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 59:397–405

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Smibert RM, Krieg NR (1994) Phenotypic characterization. In: Gerhardt P, Murray RGE, Wood WA, Krieg NR (eds) Methods for general, molecular bacteriology. American Society for Microbiology, Washington, DC, pp 607–654

    Google Scholar 

  • Stamatakis A (2006) RAxML-VI-HPC: maximum likelihood-based phylogenetic analyses with thousands of taxa and mixed models. Bioinformatics 22:2688–2690

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Stanier RY, Pallonier NJ, Doudoroff M (1966) The aerobic pseudomonadads: a taxonomic study. J Gen Microbiol 43:159–271

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Tamura K, Stecher G, Peterson D, Filipsk A, Kumar S (2013) MEGA6: molecular evolutionary genetics analysis version 6.0. Mol Biol Evol 30:2725–2729

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Tindall BJ (1990a) A comparative study of the lipid composition of Halobacterium saccharovorum from various sources. Syst Appl Microbiol 13:128–130

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Tindall BJ (1990b) Lipid composition of Halobacterium lacusprofundi. FEMS Microbiol Lett 66:199–202

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ventosa A, Gutierrez MC, Garcia MT, Ruiz-Berraquero F (1989) Classification of ‘‘Chromobacterium marismortui’’ in a new genus, Chromohalobacter gen. nov., as Chromohalobacter marismortui comb. nov., nom. rev. Int J Syst Bacteriol 39:382–386

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Vreeland RH, Litchfield CD, Martin EL, Elliot E (1980) Halomonas elongata, a new genus and species of extremely salttolerant bacteria. Int J Syst Bacteriol 30:485–495

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wang Y, Tang SK, Lou K, Lee JC, Jeon CO, Xu LH, Kim CJ, Li WJ (2009) Aidingimonas halophila gen. nov., sp. nov., a moderately halophilic bacterium isolated from a salt lake. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 59:3088–3094

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Yarza P, Richter M, Peplies J, Euzéby J, Amann R, Schleifer KH, Ludwig W, Glöckner FO, Rosselló-Móra R (2008) The all-species living tree project: a 16S rRNA-based phylogenetic tree of all sequenced type strains. Syst Appl Microbiol 31:241–250

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Zhong FX, Ren HH, Li Y (2007) Comparison of methods in determination of polysaccaride content. Li Shi Zhen Medicion Mater Res 18:1916–1917

    CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31370057, 31290231) and 2013 Shandong Provincial Second Group Projects on Resource Platforms for Marine Economic and Innovative Development Regions: Marine Microorganisms Preservation Platform (2150299).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. College of Marine Science, Shandong University at Weihai, Weihai, 264209, China

    Zhen-Xing Xu, Qi-Yun Liang, De-Chen Lu, Guan-Jun Chen & Zong-Jun Du

  2. State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, China

    Guan-Jun Chen & Zong-Jun Du

Authors
  1. Zhen-Xing Xu
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Qi-Yun Liang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. De-Chen Lu
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Guan-Jun Chen
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Zong-Jun Du
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Zong-Jun Du.

Electronic supplementary material

Below is the link to the electronic supplementary material.

Supplementary material 1 (DOCX 232 kb)

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Xu, ZX., Liang, QY., Lu, DC. et al. Pistricoccus aurantiacus gen. nov., sp. nov., a moderately halophilic bacterium isolated from a shark. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 109, 1593–1603 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10482-016-0760-z

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10482-016-0760-z

Keywords

Search

Navigation