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Chryseobacterium zeae sp. nov., Chryseobacterium arachidis sp. nov., and Chryseobacterium geocarposphaerae sp. nov. isolated from the rhizosphere environment

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Abstract

Four yellow pigmented strains (91A-561T, 91A-576, 91A-593T, and JM-1085T) isolated from plant materials, showed 97.2–98.7 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities among each other and were studied in a polyphasic approach for their taxonomic allocation. Cells of all four isolates were rod-shaped and stained Gram-negative. Comparative 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis showed that the four bacteria had highest sequence similarities to Chryseobacterium formosense (97.2–98.7 %), Chryseobacterium gwangjuense (97.1–97.8 %), and Chryseobacterium defluvii (94.6–98.0 %). Sequence similarities to all other Chryseobacterium species were below 97.5 %. Fatty acid analysis of the four strains showed Chryseobacterium typical profiles consisting of major fatty acids C15:0 iso, C15:0 iso 2-OH/C16:1 ω7c, C17:1 iso ω9c, and C17:0 iso 3-OH, but showed also slight differences. DNA–DNA hybridizations with type strains of C. gwangjuense, C. formosense, and C. defluvii resulted in values below 70 %. Isolates 91A-561T and 91A-576 showed DNA–DNA hybridization values >80 % indicating that they belonged to the same species; but nucleic acid fingerprinting showed that the two isolates represent two different strains. DNA–DNA hybridization results and the differentiating biochemical and chemotaxonomic properties showed, that both strains 91A-561T and 91A-576 represent a novel species, for which the name Chryseobacterium geocarposphaerae sp. nov. (type strain 91A-561T=LMG 27811T=CCM 8488T) is proposed. Strains 91A-593T and JM-1085T represent two additional new species for which we propose the names Chyrseobacterium zeae sp. nov. (type strain JM-1085T=LMG 27809T, =CCM 8491T) and Chryseobacterium arachidis sp. nov. (type strain 91A-593T=LMG 27813T, =CCM 8489T), respectively.

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Acknowledgments

We thank Gundula Will, Maria Sowinsky, Jan Rodrigues-Fonseca and Anna Baum for excellent technical assistance.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institut für Angewandte Mikrobiologie, Justus-Liebig-Universität Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 26-32, 35392, Giessen, Germany

    Peter Kämpfer & Stefanie P. Glaeser

  2. Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA

    John A. McInroy

Authors
  1. Peter Kämpfer
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  2. John A. McInroy
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  3. Stefanie P. Glaeser
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Correspondence to Peter Kämpfer.

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10482_2013_101_MOESM1_ESM.eps

Supplementary Fig. 1: Maximum-likelihood tree based on nearly full-length 16S rRNA gene sequences showing the phylogenetic position of the four new strains among type strains of currently described species of the genus Chryseobacterium. The tree was calculated in ARB using PhyML. Nucleotide position between termini 82 to 1394 (E. coli numbering, Brosius et al. 1978). Two Elizabethkingia type strains were used as outgroups. Bar, 0. 1 nucleotide substitutions per side. Supplementary material 1 (EPS 1871 kb)

10482_2013_101_MOESM2_ESM.eps

Supplementary Fig. 2: Neighbour-joining tree based on nearly full-length 16S rRNA gene sequences showing the phylogenetic position of the four new strains among type strains of currently described species of the genus Chryseobacterium. The tree was calculated in ARB with ARB Neighbor joining (Jukes-Cantor correction, 100 replications). Nucleotide position between termini 82 to 1394 (E. coli numbering, Brosius et al. 1978) were included in the analysis. Bootstrap values above 70 % are shown at branch nodes. Two Elizabethkingia type strains were used as outgroups. Bar, 0. 1 nucleotide substitutions per side. Supplementary material 2 (EPS 1855 kb)

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Kämpfer, P., McInroy, J.A. & Glaeser, S.P. Chryseobacterium zeae sp. nov., Chryseobacterium arachidis sp. nov., and Chryseobacterium geocarposphaerae sp. nov. isolated from the rhizosphere environment. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 105, 491–500 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10482-013-0101-4

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