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Ecosystem carbon stock and socio-ecological determinants in selected agroforestry practices at the eastern escarpment of Chercher Massive, Ethiopia

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Abstract 

Several studies have recalled to narrow the gap of information on carbon (C) storage capacity and the extent of its relationship with socio-ecological factors in agroforestry (AF) land use systems. The aim of this study was to determine the C storage capacity of coffee-shade-tree based (CT-AF) and fruit-tree based (FT-AF) AF practices, and the effects of elevation, slope, household wealth status (HHw) and stand structures on C storage. The total agroforestry practice carbon stock (TAPCS) was determined as the sum of the estimated total plant biomass C and soil organic carbon (SOC). The mean total AF practices C stock (TAPCS) for the CT-AF and FT-AF practices were found to be 113.52 tC ha−1 and 141.58 tC ha−1 respectively. The SOC shared 71.7% of the TAPCS. The analysis of the linear mixed model showed that biomass C stock was significantly influenced by AF practices, HHw, diameter at breast height (DBH) and by the interaction of basal area (BA) with DBH. The total SOC was influenced by AF practices, elevation, slope, HHw, DBH and two-way interaction of elevation with HHw, and three-way interaction of AF practices, elevation and slope gradients. The TAPCS was significantly affected by AF practices, elevation, BA, DBH, two-way interaction of AF practices with elevation, elevation with HHw, and interaction of DBH with BA. The studied AF practices can, on average, sequester more carbon dioxide (C) than other tropical tree-based ecosystems. This study reveals that the AF practices could serve as substantial C sinks and contribute in climate change mitigation in addition to their livelihoods provision for a majority of farming households. The information would benefit both researchers and policymakers, as AF has been promoted as an eco-friendly way to mitigate the effects of climate change. Hence, in order to maximize biomass production, store carbon, and mitigate climate change on smallholder farms, future AF landscape tree enhancement strategies need to take into consideration the different AF practices in relation to elevation, slope, household wealth status, and stand structures.

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Acknowledgements

We thank the Ministry of Education of the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopian for financial support with the host of Hawassa University. We are especially grateful to the office the vice president for academic and research affaires of Oda Bultum University for logistic support during data collection. We also thank Mr. Biratu Bobo who helped us in developing the map of the study area. We are grateful to the farmers of the study sites for allowing us to their farms during data collection. Thanks also go to all those experts especially Mr. Girma Mesfin who was fully devoting his time during the whole data collection process.

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  1. Wondo Genet College of Forestry and Natural Resources, Hawassa University, P.O.Box 128, Shashamene, Ethiopia

    Muktar Reshad & Zebene Asfaw

  2. College of Natural Resource and Environmental Science, Oda Bultum University, P.O.Box 226, Chiro, Ethiopia

    Muktar Mohammed

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  1. Muktar Reshad
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  2. Zebene Asfaw
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Conceptualization of the research idea was made by Muktar Reshad, the design methodology was formulated by Mr. Muktar Reshad, Dr. Zebene Asfaw and Professor Muktar Mohammed. Formal analysis and investigation by Muktar Reshad; Original draft preparation: by Muktar Reshad; All authors reviewed the manuscript and approved the final one.

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Reshad, M., Asfaw, Z. & Mohammed, M. Ecosystem carbon stock and socio-ecological determinants in selected agroforestry practices at the eastern escarpment of Chercher Massive, Ethiopia. Agroforest Syst (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10457-024-00990-z

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