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Influence of provenance and shade on biomass production and triterpenoid accumulation in Cyclocarya paliurus

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Abstract

Cyclocarya paliurus is a well-known multiple function tree species and has been used for ingredients in functional foods and drug formulations in China. A split-plot randomized design was used to grow three provenances at three different shade levels and effects of provenance and shading on growth and triterpenoid accumulation were assessed. Shading caused significant variation in photosynthetic photon flux density, air temperature and relative humidity, and moreover influenced total triterpenoid content in leaves. However, contents of cyclocaric acid B, cyclocarioside I, and arjunolic acid in the leaves were mainly affected by provenance. A significant seasonal variation of triterpenoid contents was observed in the leaves and the highest content appeared in September. Two-way analysis of variance revealed a significant provenance effect, shading effect and integrated effect between provenance and shading on biomass production. The highest accumulation of total triterpenoid and cyclocarioside I per plant was achieved in Muchuan provenance without shading, while the biggest accumulations of cyclocaric acid B and arjunolic acid were observed in Muchuan provenance with one-layer shading net. The data obtained suggest a complex relationship between environment, genotype and triterpenoid production but highlight that selecting suitable provenance of C. paliurus and optimizing cultivation system would be crucial for a high triterpenoid production.

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Acknowledgments

This work was funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Number 31270673) and the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions (PAPD), as well as the Doctorate Fellowship Foundation of Nanjing Forestry University. The authors would like to thank Ms. Qiongqiong Li and Mr. Xiaodong Zhou from Nanjing Forestry University for their assistance to this research.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, People’s Republic of China

    Bo Deng, Shengzuo Fang & Xulan Shang

  2. College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, People’s Republic of China

    Shengzuo Fang, Xulan Shang, Xiangxiang Fu & Yan Li

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  1. Bo Deng
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  2. Shengzuo Fang
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  3. Xulan Shang
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  4. Xiangxiang Fu
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  5. Yan Li
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Correspondence to Shengzuo Fang.

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Deng, B., Fang, S., Shang, X. et al. Influence of provenance and shade on biomass production and triterpenoid accumulation in Cyclocarya paliurus. Agroforest Syst 93, 483–492 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10457-017-0138-x

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10457-017-0138-x

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