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Individual leaf area estimations of a dioecious tropical tree species Carpotroche brasiliensis (Raddi) A. Gray, Achariaceae

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Abstract

Carpotroche brasiliensis is a dioecious tree species native of the Brazilian Atlantic rainforest. Due to medical and industrial use of the oil extracted from its seeds, C. brasiliensis has a great potential for cultivation as non-timber forest product in agroforestry systems. This study was conducted with the objective to analyze the leaf dimensions of male and female adult trees and seedlings of C. brasiliensis. Two hypotheses were tested: (a) leaf dimensions do not differ between male and female adult genotypes; and (b) it is possible to develop single regression models for predicting leaf area (LA) from dimensional variables encompassing male and female adult genotypes and seedlings. LA, leaf length (L) and maximum leaf width (W) were measured in leaves collected from seven male and seven female adult genotypes and three seedling lots. The feasibility of using a single model for leaves of males and females, and seedlings and adults, was tested by analysis of covariance (ANCOVA). The prediction errors (PE) for each of the regression models were calculated from the cross-validation method. The average values of L, W and LA were, respectively, 136, 142 and 457 % higher in adults than in seedlings, and the average values of leaf shapes (L:W) of seedlings were intermediate between the average values of L:W of adult males and females. The average values of L did not differ between adult males and females, but significant differences were observed between males and females for W, LA and L:W (both p < 0.01, nested ANOVA). The mean L:W values of adult males and females, and seedlings, indicate that leaf shape should be used as a criterion for sex differentiation in this species. It was not possible to develop single models encompassing adult males and females, and seedlings; but high accurate predictive models of LA from L × W measurements were developed for adult males (R2 = 0.98, PE = 0.69, n = 350), adult females (R2 = 0.98, PE = 0.01, n = 350), and seedlings (R2 = 0.99, PE = 6.80, n = 150).

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Acknowledgments

This study was supported by Natura Inovação e Tecnologia de Produtos LTDA and CNPq (Brazilian National Council for Scientific and Technological Development, Proc. 561933/2010-3). We thank Gerson J. Sales Neto, Nilson A. dos Santos and Rones F. Souza, of Floresta Viva Institute, and Meide Fernando B. Santana for assistance with data collection. We also acknowledge the farmers of the municipalities of Camamú and Maraú, southern Bahia, Brazil, for consent the collection of fruits in their properties. Marcelo S. Mielke and Ediófila Brito-Rocha gratefully acknowledge fellowships provided by CNPq.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Rodovia Jorge Amado km 16, Ilhéus, BA, Brazil

    Ediófila Brito-Rocha, Letícia dos Anjos, Ândrea Carla Dalmolin & Marcelo S. Mielke

  2. Departamento de Ciências Exatas e Tecnológicas, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Rodovia Jorge Amado km 16, Ilhéus, BA, Brazil

    Ana Cristina Schilling

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  1. Ediófila Brito-Rocha
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  2. Letícia dos Anjos
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  3. Ana Cristina Schilling
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  4. Ândrea Carla Dalmolin
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  5. Marcelo S. Mielke
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Correspondence to Marcelo S. Mielke.

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Brito-Rocha, E., dos Anjos, L., Schilling, A.C. et al. Individual leaf area estimations of a dioecious tropical tree species Carpotroche brasiliensis (Raddi) A. Gray, Achariaceae. Agroforest Syst 91, 9–15 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10457-016-9927-x

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10457-016-9927-x

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