Abstract
Literature on international experiences highlights their significant impact on the development of cross-cultural knowledge and awareness. Using practical examples derived from literature on multiculturalism, the multifaceted dimensions of international experiences are critically reviewed as an essential process for counselors dedicated to utilizing such experiences to enhance their cross-cultural awareness. The authors explore the dimensions of interpersonal and intrapersonal processes, as well as the expanded sense of identity that derives from international experiences. Using materials from the literature and findings from research, the authors expand dialogue on the efficacy of international experiences in contributing to cross-cultural competence.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Callister, L. C., & Cox, A. H. (2006). Opening our hearts and minds: the meaning of international clinical nursing electives in the personal and professional lives of nurses. Nursing and Health Sciences, 8, 95–102.
Chang, W. (2007). Cultural competence of international humanitarian workers. Adult Education Quarterly, 57, 187–204.
Chavis, R. (1998). Africa in the western media. Paper presented at the sixth Annual African Studies Consortium Workshop (10/2/1998), University of Pennsylvania, PA
Collins, N. M., & Pieterse, A. L. (2007). Critical incident analysis based training: an approach for developing active racial/cultural awareness. Journal of Counseling & Development, 85, 14–23.
Constantine, M. G. (2002). The intersection of race, ethnicity, gender, and social class in counseling: examining selves in cultural contexts. Journal of Multicultural Counseling and Development, 30, 210–215.
Day-Vines, N. L., Wood, S. M., Grothaus, T., Craigen, L., Holman, A., & Dotson-Blake, K. (2007). Broaching the subjects of race, ethnicity, and culture during the counseling process. Journal of Counseling & Development, 85, 401–409.
Jacob, E. J., & Greggo, J. W. (2001). Using counselor training and collaborative programming strategies in working with international students. Journal of Multicultural Counseling and Development, 29, 73–88.
Kriesberg, L. (2007). Long peace or long war: a conflict resolution perspective. Negotiation Journal, 23, 97–116.
Laungani, P. (2004). Counseling and therapy in a multi-cultural setting. Counselling Psychology Quarterly, 17, 195–207.
Leung, S. A. (2003). A journey worth traveling: globalization of counseling psychology. The Counseling Psychologist, 31, 412–419.
Lynch, M. F. (2002). The dilemma of international counselor education: attending to cultural and professional fits and misfits. International Journal for the Advancement of Counselling, 24, 89–100.
Malott, K. M. (2008). Achieving cultural competency: assessment of US-based counselor educators instructing internationally. International Journal for the Advancement of Counselling, 30, 67–77.
Munley, P. H., Lidderdale, M. A., Thiagarajan, M., & Null, U. (2004). Identity development and multicultural competency. Journal of Multicultural Counseling and Development, 32, 283–295.
Okech, J. E. A. (2008). Reflective practice in group co-leadership. The Journal for Specialists in Group Work, 3, 236–252.
Paredes, D. M., Choi, K. M., Dipal, M., Edwards-Joseph, A. R. A. C., Ermakov, N., & Gouveia, A. T. (2008). Globalization: a brief primer for counselors. International Journal for the Advancement of Counselling, 30, 155–166.
Ridley, C. R., Baker, D. M., & Hill, C. L. (2001). Critical issues concerning cultural competence. The Counseling Psychologist, 29, 822–832.
Schlein, L. (2008). Red cross says media reports mainly negative about Africa. Voice of America, Retrieved on 12/21/2008 from www.voanews.com/english/archive/2008-10/2008.
Sue, S. (1998). In search of cultural competence in psychotherapy and counseling. American Psychologist, 53, 440–448.
Sue, D. W. (2001a). Multidimensional facets of cultural competence. The Counseling Psychologist, 29, 790–821.
Sue, D. W. (2001b). Surviving monoculturalism and racism: A personal and professional journey. In J. G. Ponerotto, J. M. Casas, L. A. Suzuki & C. M. Alexander (Eds.), The handbook of multicultural counseling (pp. 45–54). Thousand Oaks: Sage.
Sue, D. W., & Sue, D. (2008). Counseling the culturally diverse: Theory and practice (5th ed.). Hoboken: Wiley.
Sue, D. W., Arredondo, P., & McDavis, R. J. (1992). Multicultural competencies and standards: a call to the profession. Journal of Multicultural Counseling and Development, 70, 64–88.
Tesoriero, F. (2006). Personal growth toward intercultural competence through an international field education programme. Australian Social Work, 2, 126–140.
Toporek, R. L., & Reza, J. V. (2001). Context as a critical dimension of multicultural counseling: articulating personal, professional, and institutional competence. Journal of Multicultural Counseling and Development, 29, 13–30.
Tyler, F. B. (2002). Transcultural ethnic validity model and intracultural competence. In W. J. Lonner, D. L. Dinnel, S. A. Hayes & D. N. Sattler (Eds.), Online readings in Psychology and Culture (Unit 16, Chapter 1), (http://www.wwu.edu/~culture), Center for Cross-Cultural Research, Western Washington University, Bellingham, Washington USA.
Ungar, M. (2003). Lessons on “otherness”: what therapists can learn from traveling. Journal of Systemic Therapies, 22, 1–14.
Vinson, S. T., & Neimeyer, J. G. (2003). The relationship between racial identity development and multicultural counseling competency: a second look. Journal of Multicultural Counseling and Development, 31, 262–277.
Yeh, C. J., & Hwang, M. Y. (2000). Interdependence in ethnic identity and self: implications for theory and practice. Journal of Counseling & Development, 78, 420–429.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Okech, J.E.A., DeVoe, S. A Multidimensional Exploration of the Impact of International Experiences on Counselors’ Cross-Cultural Awareness. Int J Adv Counselling 32, 117–128 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10447-010-9093-1
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10447-010-9093-1