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Linking rainfall-induced landslides with predictions of debris flow runout distances

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Abstract

Rapid debris flows are among the most destructive natural hazards in steep mountainous terrains. Prediction of their path and impact hinges on knowledge of initiation location and the size and constitution of the released mass. To better link mass release initiation with debris flow paths and runout lengths, we propose to capitalize on a newly developed model for rainfall-induced landslide initiation (“Catchment-scale Hydro-mechanical Landslide Triggering” CHLT model, von Ruette et al. 2013) and couple it with simple estimates of debris flow runout distances and pathways. Landslide locations and volumes provided by the CHLT model are used as inputs to simulate debris flow runout distances with two empirical- and two physically-based models. The debris flow runout models were calibrated using two landslide inventories in the Swiss Alps obtained following a large rainfall event in 2005. We first fitted and tested the models for the “Prättigau” inventory, where detailed information on runout path was available, and then applied the models to landslides inventoried from a different catchment (“Napf”). The predicted debris flow runout distances (emanating from CHLT simulated landslide positions) were well in the range of observed values for the physically-based approaches. The empirical approaches tend to overestimate runout distances relative to observations. These preliminary results demonstrate the added value of linking shallow landslide triggering models with predictions of debris flow runout pathways for a range of soil states and triggering events, thus providing a more complete hazard assessment picture for debris flow exposure at the catchment scale.

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Acknowledgments

This work is part of two linked projects “Local and regional hydrologic and geomorphic factors determining landslide patterns”, funded by Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF), and “Triggering of Rapid Mass Movements in Steep Terrain” (TRAMM) funded by the Competence Center Environment and Sustainability (CCES) of the ETH Domain. We are grateful to Christian Rickli (Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research, WSL) for providing access to event-based landslide inventories (Napf and Prättigau) and thank Dr. Brian McArdell (WSL) and Prof. Marcel Hürlimann (BarcelonaTECH) for helpful discussions and support. We thank Fabian Rüdy for illustrations in Fig. 1.

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  1. Institute of Biogeochemistry and Pollutant Dynamics, ETH Zurich, Universitätstrasse 16, CH-8092, Zurich, Switzerland

    Jonas von Ruette, Peter Lehmann & Dani Or

  2. Terrasense Switzerland AG, Churerstr. 99, CH-9471, Buchs, SG, Switzerland

    Jonas von Ruette

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  1. Jonas von Ruette
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Correspondence to Peter Lehmann.

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von Ruette, J., Lehmann, P. & Or, D. Linking rainfall-induced landslides with predictions of debris flow runout distances. Landslides 13, 1097–1107 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10346-015-0621-2

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