Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Influence of Sowing Dates and Genotypes on Phenology, Morphology, Yield and Fatty Acid Compounds of Sinapis alba L. for the Energy Industry

  • Original Article / Originalbeitrag
  • Published:
Gesunde Pflanzen Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Day length is an important environmental factor in the life cycle of plants. If the plants do not receive an optimum day length for the appropriate amount of photosynthesis, they lose their ability to achieve their best yield potential under various types of stress. Therefore, adjusting the sowing date is an easy and low-cost strategy to overcome the negative effects of stresses. The study aimed to evaluate the influence of sowing dates on the yield and yield components of three exotic white mustard genotypes. The experiment was arranged in a split plots in randomized complete blocks design with three replications during 2020 and 2021 under hot humid continental—Dsa type climate of Ankara, Turkiye. Four sowing dates separated by a delay of 15 days (starting from March 15 to May 1) were used in the main plots and three genotypes (Sr1, Sr2, and Su) were used in the sub-plots. The result showed significant differences in yield parameters of number of branches plant−1, seed yield, and fixed oil yield, between years. The results also showed a significant genotype × sowing dates interaction. The maximum seed yield of 1084 kg ha−1 was detected from the 15 March sowing in Sr2 while the lowest seed yield of 141 kg ha−1 was determined on the 1 May sown plants in Sr1 during both years. The genotypes had synchronization towards flowering in the month of May and June with 11 h 6 min to 12 h 5 min day length. Principal component analysis showed genotypes × sowing dates significant interactions for seed yield, fixed oil percentage and fixed oil yield. The major fatty acid among all genotypes was oleic acid acid, which demonstrated a negative correlation with eicosenoic (−0.93**) and erucic fatty (−0.99**) acids. It was indicated that Sinapis alba sown in March was preferable compared to other sowing dates to achieve higher yield and quality; Sr2 was recommended for further evaluation in energy sector.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Alam MM, Begum F, Roy P (2014) Yield and yield attributes of rapeseed mustard (Brassica) genotypes grown under late sown condition Bangladesh. J Agric Res 39(2):311–336. https://doi.org/10.3329/bjar.v39i2.20434

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Amsalu F (2021) Oil and fatty acid composition analysis of Ethiopian mustard (Brasicacarinataa. Braun) Landraces. Int J Plant Breed Crop Sci 8(1):1039–1049

    Google Scholar 

  • Beruski GC, Schiebelbein LM, Pereira AB (2020) Maize Yield Components as Affected by Plant Population Planting Date and Soil Coverings in Brazil. Agriculture 10:579. https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture10120579

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Butkevičienė LM, Kriaučiūnienė Z, Pupalienė R, Velička R, Kosteckienė S, Kosteckas R, Klimas E (2021) Influence of sowing time on yield and yield components of spring rapeseed in Lithuania. Agronomy 11:2170. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy11112170

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Dehghani H, Omidi H, Sabaghnia N (2008) Graphic analysis of trait relations of rapeseed using the biplot method. Agron J 100(5):1443–1449. https://doi.org/10.2134/agronj2007.0275

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dinc S, Unay A (2021) The effect of sowing date cultivar and seed rate on yield and quality characteristics in rapeseed (Brassica napus L). J Adnan Menderes Univ Agric Fac 18(1):97–102. https://doi.org/10.25308/aduziraat.829064

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Fakirah AB, Al-dhubibi KM (2021) The effect of different sowing date and plant density on some morphological traits and yield components of canola plant (Brassica napus L) a preliminary study. Hadhramout Univ J Nat Appl Sci 15(2):239–247

    Google Scholar 

  • Fiorini A, Remelli S, Boselli R, Mantovi P, Ardenti F, Trevisan M, Menta C, Tabaglio V (2022) Driving crop yield soil organic C pools and soil biodiversity with selected winter cover crops under no-till. Soil Tillage Res 217:105283. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2021.105283

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Franchini MC, Flemmer AC, Lindstrom LI, Carrin ME, Constenla D, Johnson RC (2021) How sowing date affects development and performance of safflower through climate variables. Crop Sci 61(4):2775–2786. https://doi.org/10.1002/csc2.20548

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gawariya SC, Chopra NK, Chopra N, Harika AS (2015) Effect of date of sowing and crop geometry on growth and yield parameters of forage mustard (Var Chinese Cabbage). Afr J Agric Res 10(33):3292–3295. https://doi.org/10.5897/AJAR2015.97.45

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ghafoor G, Hassan G, Ahmad I, Khan SN, Suliman S (2021) Correlation analysis for different parameters of F2 bread wheat population. Pure Appl Biol 2(1):28–31

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ghassemi-Golezani K, Bakhshi J, Dalil B (2015) Rate and duration of seed filling and yield of soybean affected by water and radiation deficits. Acta Agric Slov 105(2):225–232. https://doi.org/10.14720/aas.2015.105.2.05

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Guner A, Aslan S, Ekim T, Vural M, Babac MT (2012) Turkey plants list vascular plants. Nezahat Gokyigit Botanical Garden and Flora Research, Istanbul, p 262

    Google Scholar 

  • Gupta M, Sharma C, Sharma R, Gupta V, Khushu MK (2017) Effect of sowing time on productivity and thermal utilization of mustard (Brassica juncea) under sub-tropical irrigated conditions of Jammu. J Agrometeorol 19(2):137–141. https://doi.org/10.54386/jam.v19i2.688

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Harasimowicz-Hermann G, Wilczewski E, Kisielewska W (2017) The effect of pluvio-thermal conditions and changing day length on white mustard (Sinapis alba L) development. Acta Sci Pol Agric 16(3):121–129. https://doi.org/10.37660/aspagr20171632

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Harasimowicz-Hermann G, Wilczewski E, Kisielewska W (2019) The effect of sowing date and meteorological elements on the quantity and structure of seed yield of white mustard (Sinapis alba L). J Cent Eur Agric 20(3):831–840. https://doi.org/10.5513/JCEA01/20.3.2253

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Islam MS, Rahman L, Alam MS (2009) Correlation and path coefficient analysis in fat and fatty acids of rapeseed and mustard. Bangladesh J Agric Res 34(2):247–253. https://doi.org/10.3329/bjar.v34i2.5796

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Jabeen N (2020) Agricultural, economic and societal importance of Brassicaceae plants. In: The plant family Brassicaceae, pp 45–128

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Jadhav AS, Jadhav PB (2021) Sowing date—A key for increasing mustard (Brassica juncea L) Productivity. J Agric Res Technol 46(2):201–204

    Google Scholar 

  • Kayacetin F (2019) Morphological characterization and relationships among some important wild and domestic Turkish mustard genotypes (Brassica spp). Turk J Bot 43(4):499–515. https://doi.org/10.3906/bot-1810-4

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kayacetin F (2020a) Botanical characteristics potential uses and cultivation possibilities of mustards in Turkey: a review. Turk J Bot 44(2):101–127. https://doi.org/10.3906/bot-1909-30

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kayacetin F (2020b) Behavioral variations due to effects of day length on yield and related characteristics of some Brassica juncea L genotypes under hot humid continental conditions. Int J Agric Environ Food Sci 4(3):296–302. https://doi.org/10.31015/jaefs.2020.3.8

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kayacetin F (2020c) Effect of different spring sowing dates on phenology growth and yield performance of Turkish Brassica nigra in Ankara/Turkey. Int J Anatolia Agric Eng 3:9–15

    Google Scholar 

  • Kayacetin F (2021a) Effect of spring sowing dates on the yield and quality of Sinapis alba L. genotypes). In: ISPEC 6th International Conference on Agriculture, Animal Science and Rural Development, 16–18 May 2021/ Siirt, Turkey (https://d0140d5e-48f8-42f2-be6199767cc1d735.filesusr.com/ugd/614b1f_7196ceeb833249d295b1c9fdac73684e.pdf)

    Google Scholar 

  • Kayacetin F (2021b) Effect of environment on seed and oil yield of Turkish Brassica rapa L. genotypes. Fresenius Environ Bull 30(1):60–69

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kayacetin F, Efeoglu B, Sarioglu G (2018) Evaluation of fatty acid compositions of some important wild and domestic Turkish mustard genotypes (Brassica spp). Int J Second Metab 5(4):270–278. https://doi.org/10.21448/ijsm.474894

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kayacetin F, Önemli F, Yilmaz G, Khawar KM, Kinay A, Hatipoglu H, Kivilcim MN, Kara N, Kose A, Sefaoglu F, Ozaydin KA (2019) Growing degree day and seed yield relationships in mustard (Brassica juncea L.) under different sowing seasons and locations of Turkey. J Agric Sci 25(3):298–308. https://doi.org/10.15832/ankutbd.424218

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kisielewska W, Harasimowicz-Hermann G (2006) Sowing value of white mustard (Sinapis alba L.) seeds collected from plants sown in different times. Rośliny Oleiste Oilseed Crop 27(2):223–230

    Google Scholar 

  • Kumar A, Lal M, Mohan N, Kumar N, Kumar N (2018) Effect of different sowing dates on yield and yield attributes of Indian mustard (Brassica juncea L) genotypes. Int J Pure App Biosci 6(2):848

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kwon DE, Kim KS, Hwang EJ, Park JC, Lee JE, Lee YH (2021) Changes in growth and productivity characteristics by sowing date on spring sowing rapeseed (Brassica napus L) in Paddy Field of Southern Region of South Korea. Korean J Crop Sci 66(1):80–86. https://doi.org/10.7740/kjcs2021661080

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lamichhane JR, Aubertot JN, Champolivier L, Debaeke P, Maury P (2020) Combining experimental and modeling approaches to understand genotype x sowing date x environment interaction effects on emergence rates and grain yield of soybean. Front Plant Sci. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2020.558855

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Lima LHDS, Braccini AL, Scapim CA, Piccinin GG, Ponce RM (2017) Adaptability and stability of canola hybrids in different sowing dates1. Rev Ciênc Agron 48:374–380. https://doi.org/10.5935/1806-6690.20170043

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mandić V, Đorđević S, Đorđević N, Bijelić Z, Krnjaja V, Petričević M, Brankov M (2020) Genotype and sowing time effects on soybean yield and quality. Agriculture 10(11):502. https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture10110502

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mndolwa EJ, Msolla SN, Porch TG, Miklas PN (2019) GGE biplot analysis of yield stability for Andean dry bean accessions grown under different abiotic stress regimes in Tanzania. Afr Crop Sci J 27(3):413–425

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Motahhari A, Hervan EM, Alizadeh B, Khosroshali M (2020) The analysis of genotype × environment interaction using rapeseed (Brassica napus L) by GGE biplot method. Iraqi J Agric Sci 51(5):1337–1349. https://doi.org/10.36103/ijas.v51i5.1143

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Noormohamadia G (2019) Effects of sowing date cultivar and chitosan on quality and quantity of rapeseed (Brassica napus L) oil. J Agric Sci 25(4):508–517. https://doi.org/10.15832/ankutbd.454778

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Paśko P, Galanty A, Tyszka-Czochara M, Żmudzki P, Zagrodzki P, Gdula-Argasińska J, Prochownik E, Gorinstein S (2021) Health promoting vs anti-nutritive aspects of kohlrabi sprouts a promising candidate for novel functional food. Plant Foods Hum Nutr 76(1):76–82. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11130-020-00877-1

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Rad AHS, Bitarafan Z, Rahmani F, Taherkhani T, Agihdam AM, Nasresfahani S (2015) Effects of planting date on spring rapeseed (Brassica napus L) cultivars under different irrigation regimes. Turk J Field Crop 19(2):153–157. https://doi.org/10.17557/tjfc.14474

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rad AHS, Ganj-Abadi F, Jalili EO, Eyni-Nargeseh H, Safavi Fard N (2021) Zn foliar spray as a management strategy boosts oil qualitative and quantitative traits of spring rapeseed genotypes at winter sowing dates. J Soil Sci Plant Nutr 21(2):1610–1620. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42729-021-00465-5

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rai GK, Bagati S, Rai PK, Rai SK, Singh M (2018) Fatty acid profiling in rapeseed mustard (Brassica species). Int J Curr Microbiol Appl Sci 7(5):148–157. https://doi.org/10.20546/ijcmas.2018.705.019

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rathod V, Solanki HV (2020) Breeding for oil quality improvement in Brassica. J Pharmacogn Phytochem 9(1):1532–1540

    Google Scholar 

  • Rubio J, Cubero JI, Martin LM, Suso MJ, Flores F (2004) Biplot analysis of trait relations of white lupin in Spain. Euphytica 135(2):217–224. https://doi.org/10.1023/B:EUPH0000014911.70355.c9

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sasongko ND, Mollers C (2005) Toward increasing erucic acid content in oilseed rape (Brassica napus L) through the combination with genes for high oleic acid. J Am Oil Chem Soc 82(6):445–449. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11746-005-1091-4

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Serafin-Andrzejewska M, Helios W, Jama-Rodzeńska A, Kozak M, Kotecki A, Kuchar L (2021) Effect of sowing date on soybean development in south-western Poland. Agriculture 11:413. https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture11050413

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Shafighi A, Ardakani MR, Rad AHS, Alavifazel M, Rafiei F (2021) Grain yield and associated physiological traits of rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) cultivars under different planting dates and drought stress at the flowering stage. Ital J Agron 16(1):1648. https://doi.org/10.4081/ija.2020.1648

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sharafi Y, Majidi MM, Goli SAH, Rashidi F (2005) Oil content and fatty acids composition in Brassica species. Int J Food Prop 18(10):2145–2154. https://doi.org/10.1080/10942912.2014.968284

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Shyam C, Tripathi MK, Tripathi N, Tiwari S, Sikarwar RS (2022) Analysis of genetic differences in fatty acids and oil contents among Brassica juncea (Linn). In: Czern & Coss genotypes research developments in science and technology, vol 1, pp 127–149

    Google Scholar 

  • Sial P (2004) Correlation among quality traits in toria (Brassica rapa L. ssp toria). Environ Ecol 22(2):316–318

    Google Scholar 

  • Singh AK, Singh H, Rai OP, Singh G, Singh VP, Singh NP, Singh R (2017) Effect of sowing dates and varieties for higher productivity of Indian mustard (Brassica juncea L). J Appl Nat Sci 9(2):883–887. https://doi.org/10.31018/jans.v9i2.1292

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Teymoori M, Ardakani MR, Rad AHS, Alavifazel M, Manavi PN (2020) Seed yield and physiological responses to deal with drought stress and late sowing date for promising lines of rapeseed (Brassica napus L). Int Agrophysics. https://doi.org/10.31545/intagr/124388

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Tobe A, Hokmalipour S, Jafarzadeh B, Darbandi MH (2013) Effect of sowing date on some phenological stages and oil contents in spring canola (Brassica napus L.) cultivars Middle East. Middle East J Sci Res 13(9):1202–1212

    Google Scholar 

  • Vasile GG, Tenea AG, Dinu C, Iordache AMM, Gheorghe S, Mureseanu M, Pascu LF (2021) Bioavailability accumulation and distribution of toxic metals (As Cd Ni and Pb) and their impact on Sinapis alba plant nutrient metabolism. Int J Environ Res Public Health 18(24):12947. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182412947

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Zhichkin K, Nosov V, Zhichkina L, Zhenzhebir V, Artemova E, Sukhina N (2022) Biodiesel production from various crops. In: XIV International Scientific Conference “INTERAGROMASH. Springer, Cham, pp 41–50

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

The author would like to thank the facilities provided by the Central Field Crops Research Institute, Ankara, Türkiye.

A part of the first year of this study (Kayacetin, F. 2021. Effect of Spring Sowing Dates on the Yield and Quality of Sinapis alba L. Genotypes) was presented in ISPEC 6th International Conference on Agriculture, Animal Science and Rural Development, 16–18 May 2021/Siirt, Turkiye (https://d0140d5e-48f8-42f2-be6199767cc1d735.filesusr.com/ugd/614b1f_7196ceeb833249d295b1c9fdac73684e.pdf)

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Kalecik Vocational School, Ankara University, 06870, Ankara, Turkey

    Fatma Kayacetin

Authors
  1. Fatma Kayacetin
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Fatma Kayacetin.

Ethics declarations

Conflict of interest

F. Kayacetin declares that she has no competing interests.

Rights and permissions

Springer Nature or its licensor holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Kayacetin, F. Influence of Sowing Dates and Genotypes on Phenology, Morphology, Yield and Fatty Acid Compounds of Sinapis alba L. for the Energy Industry. Gesunde Pflanzen 75, 613–623 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10343-022-00726-y

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10343-022-00726-y

Keywords

Search

Navigation