Abstract
Forest fragmentation is one of the main factors leading to biodiversity loss and negatively affecting arthropod communities. We analyzed the effects of forest fragment size and habitat type (forest edge x interior) on the canopy arthropod diversity of Quercus deserticola in the Cuitzeo Basin in Mexico. Six forest fragments where Q. deserticola occurs were selected and classified as (i) small (≤ 10 ha); (ii) medium (≥ 25 ha); and (iii) large (≥ 65 ha). In each forest fragment, ten trees were randomly selected: five at the edge and five in the interior of the fragment to sampled canopy arthropods using fogging techniques. We collected 12,739 arthropods representing 716 morphospecies grouped into 155 families and 16 orders. Differences in canopy arthropod community and species diversity were detected between fragment sizes. Canopy arthropod diversity was greater in Q. deserticola individuals from small fragments and the edges of fragments than in larger fragments and in the interior of fragments. Small fragments had highest phytophages diversity and lowest parasitoids and predator’s diversity. The opposite pattern was observed in large fragments. Our results confirm that fragment size and edge effects modify canopy arthropod diversity of Q. deserticola, disrupting interactions between guilds and trophic levels probably by bottom-up and top-down forces. We highlight the importance to conserving large fragments to maintain the unique arthropod community that is sensitive to the disruption of ecological interactions and functions in Mexican temperate ecosystems, which constitute the main center of diversification and endemism of oaks in the northern hemisphere.
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Acknowledgements
García-Jain is a doctoral student from the Programa de Doctorado Institucional en Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo (UMSNH) and was supported by CONACyT (scholarship no. 305239) and PFCTI/ICTI/2019/A/315. The study was funded by Coordination of Scientific Research (UMSNH), as part of research project 002. This project was supported by CONACYT PDC2016-Project-3053. The authors thank Dr. Gabriel Otero Colina for his help in identifying the families of the order Acari.
Funding
The study was funded by Coordination of Scientific Research (UMSNH), as part of research project 002. This project was supported by CONACYT PDC2016-Project-3053.
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All authors contributed to the study conception and design. Material preparation, data collection and analysis were performed by SEGJ, YML, KO MCLM, MF, MLF MMES, SVS and PCR. The first draft of the manuscript was written by SEGJ, YML, KO, MMES and PCR; all authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.
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García-Jain, S.E., Maldonado-López, Y., Oyama, K. et al. Guild-dependent effects of forest fragmentation in canopy arthropod diversity associated to Quercus deserticola. Eur J Forest Res 142, 217–230 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10342-022-01517-w
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10342-022-01517-w