Skip to main content

Advertisement

SpringerLink
Log in

Forestry indemnity: a regional case study

  • Original Paper
  • Published:
European Journal of Forest Research Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The role of forests in the public and private spheres is the standard against which workers in the sector must measure their activities in outlining models for the use of forest resources. The actions of legislators and public administrations are aimed at identifying the intrinsic nature of forests in and of themselves (internal limits), from which flows the identification of their optimal use in terms of society and its economic interests (external limits). Additional measures have reinforced a new set of goals, which has shown a need for a new management approach with an emphasis on environmental uses, in turn calling for an indemnification to land owners for loss of income. This forest policy approach is frequently use in Italy, especially for forest with high environmental value as the forests within protected areas or in forests included in the Natura 2000 network. The workings of law 43/1974 for the Lazio region are reconcilable with this emerging model. This analysis of its 30 years of practice shows both its intrinsic potential for improving the environment, and the seriousness of its influence when it is mistakenly used to intervene in precarious ecosystems. The conclusions will highlight the circumstances and procedures for the proper use of a forestry indemnity as evidenced by the Lazio Region, pointing out the essential characteristics of a forestry policy that efficiently supports sustainable forest management. Conclusions highlighted the circumstances and procedures for the proper use of forestry indemnity, and, according to the Regione Lazio experience, certain essential characters that should typify the forest policy in order to support efficiently the sustainable forest management.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4

Similar content being viewed by others

Notes

  1. The study was carried out on a sample of forest indemnified under the regional law 43/1974, by a multi-disciplinary research group from the University of Tuscia. The Working Groups covered plant disease, soil protection, forest environment, silviculture and planning, wildlife, harvesting, and socioeconomic forest use (AA.VV. 2008).

  2. With regard to Italian forestry, legislators have for some time worked around such a starting point with measures for direct regulation. We can see this with the Prescrizioni di Massima e Polizia Forestale (PMPF), which were introduced as long ago as 1926 and which forestry management followed up to the 1990’s. This expressed technical standards for a balance between forest entrepreneurial activity and hydrological function. More recently, regional legislators have introduced forestry regulations as a substitute for the PMPF, established to conserve various environmental functions as well as those more strictly productive in nature. Overall these have settled on a valuation of forest’s multi-functionality and are closer to the standards for sustainable forest management for ordinary forest.

  3. This would coincide with complete use of the wood mass at zero cost. An entirely hypothetical situation which might be possible if, say, there were a hurricane which blew down every tree and the proprietor sold them where they lay on the ground.

  4. This is a point of equilibrium that can vary over time, not only from the point of view of private property holders and market trends that they may benefit from, but also with regard to a growing communal awareness of costs, whether it be in terms of deteriorating resources or sensitivity to the overall quality of the environment.

  5. This lead to a decrease in the length of hearing times for the distribution of funds, which were at times blurred by contention between the interested parties, leading to a sharp increase in the cost of transactions (Abrami 1985).

  6. It is evident that a number of in-depth studies on population would be required to adequately respond to such questions, particularly with regard to economic and environmental issues.

  7. In the cases of coppicing, productivity will decrease over the period of the obligation’s enforcement if its imposition occurred at a moment successive to the realization of a cycle of full physical increase.

  8. In a number of circumstances, the enormous quantities of wood which have accumulated over the years in trusts have become a contentious issue between administrations and owners of estates, these latter always under pressure from companies involved in wood products and first-stage working of timber, who are looking to a source of steady income.

  9. Provisions do not take account of wood volume in place at the moment of the obligations imposition. This would be indirectly inferred on the basis of the annual average increase in forest cover.

References

  • AA.VV. (1971a) Programma di ricerca territoriale sulle aree naturali da proteggere. Conservazione dei Biotopi di particolare interesse—Lazio, vol I. Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Ministero lavori Pubblici. Istituto Poligrafico dello Stato

  • AA.VV. (1971b) Programma di ricerca territoriale sulle aree naturali da proteggere. Carte regionali dei biotopi—Lazio. Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Ministero lavori Pubblici, vol II. Istituto Poligrafico dello Stato

  • AA.VV. (1971c) Censimento dei biotopi di rilevante interesse vegetazionale meritevoli di conservazione in Italia. Gruppo di lavoro per la conservazione della natura della Società Botanica Italiana. 1971, Tipografia Suc. Savini-Mercuri, Camerino

  • AA.VV. (1979) Censimento dei biotopi di rilevante interesse vegetazionale meritevoli di conservazione in Italia. Vol. II. Gruppo di lavoro per la conservazione della natura della Società Botanica Italiana. 1979. Tipografia Suc. Savini-Mercuri, Camerino

    Google Scholar 

  • AA.VV. (2008) La gestione forestale sostenibile di ecosistemi di particolare valore ambientale. Effetti e retro effetti delle politiche ambientali. Rapporto finale. Università degli Studi della Tuscia, Viterbo

    Google Scholar 

  • Abrami A (1985) Divieto di taglio boschivo e diritto all’indennizzo. Giurisprudenza Agraria Italiana 3:480–481

    Google Scholar 

  • Abrami A (2005) Manuale di diritto forestale e dell’ambiente territoriale. Giuffrè Editore

  • Alessandrini A, Blasi S, Biondi F, Chiocchini U, Di Filippo A, Eusepi G, Piovesan G, Santarelli G (2008) Geopedologia e dendroauxonoclimatologia di cedui di oltre turno. Alberi e Territorio, in “Gestione Forestale Sostenibile” (Dossier) 8:14–18

    Google Scholar 

  • Amici A, Adriani S, Primi R, Serrani F (2008) Gestione forestale e fauna nella Regione Lazio. Alberi e Territorio, in “Gestione Forestale Sostenibile” (Dossier) 8:23–25

    Google Scholar 

  • Anselmi N (2008) Fitopatologia. In: La gestione forestale sostenibile di ecosistemi di particolare valore ambientale. Effetti e retro effetti delle politiche ambientali. Rapporto finale. Università degli Studi della Tuscia, Viterbo

  • Anselmi N, Ferrari B, Nasini M, Portoghesi L (2008) Fitopatologia e selvicoltura di un bosco ceduo di oltre turno. Alberi e Territorio, in “Gestione Forestale Sostenibile” (Dossier) 8:19–22

    Google Scholar 

  • Anselmi N, Nasini M, Mazzaglia A, Librandi I, Rocco E, e Ravaioli F (2008b) Correlation between the occurrence of pathogenic fungal endophytes in healthy oak trees and oak decline. J Plant Pathol 89:28

    Google Scholar 

  • Anselmi N, Ragazzi A, Vannini A (2008c) Forest pathogens in the Mediterranean region. J Plant Pathol 90(2):45–46

    Google Scholar 

  • Baldini S, Carbone F, Di Fulvio F, Picchio R, Presutti SE (2008) Risultati tecnici ed economici di un intervento di conversione. Alberi e Territorio, in “Gestione Forestale Sostenibile” (Dossier) 8:26–31

  • Begg D, Fisher S, Dornbusch R (2008) Economics, 9th edn. McGraw-Hill, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Bernetti I, Fagarazzi C (2003) Sistemi compensativi e di indennizzo per le attività forestali nelle aree protette nazionali. In: atti Ce.S.E.T. Funzioni di pubblica utilità e valutazione dell’indennizzo. Cagliari, 24–25 ottobre, pp 169–186

  • Carbone F (2006) Analisi degli strumenti economico-finanziari di politica forestale. Rivista di Economia Agraria, Anno XLI 4:611–636

    Google Scholar 

  • Carbone F, Venzi L, Anselmi N (2010) The “non cutting” management: a case study contributing to the debate in sustainable forest policy. In: atti del International Symposium How to both harvest and preserve forest more o better? Paris, 26–30 May 2010

  • Coletta A, Carbone F (2008) Profili economico-estimativi delle indennità natura 2000 previstindall’art. 46 Reg. 1698/2005 per il settore forestale. In atti del XXXVII Incontro studio “Riforma della PAC, evoluzioni tecnologiche e trasformazioni ambientali: aspetti economici, estimativi, giuridici e urbanistici”. Ferrara, 19 e 20 ottobre 2007, pp 151–167

  • Còndor RD, Scarelli A, Valentini R (2009) L’approccio multicriteri come strumento di supporto decisionale in ambito forestale. Forest@ 6:161–172

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cubbage F, Harou P, Sills E (2007) Policy instruments to enhance multi-fuctional forest management. For Policy Econ 2(7):833–851

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Di Filippo A, Alessandrini A, Biondi F, Blasi S, Portoghesi L, Piovesan G (2010) Climate change and oak growth decline: dendroecology and stand productivity of a Turkey oak (Quercus cerris L.) old stored coppice in Central Italy. Ann For Sci 67(7):706p1–706p14

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Diaz-Balteiro L, Romero C (2008) Making forestry decision with multiple criteria: a review and an assessment. For Ecol Manag 255:3222–3241

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gluck P (2000) Policy means for ensuring the full value of forest to society. Land Use Policy 17

  • Goio I, Gios G, Pollini C (2008) The development of forest accountiung in the province of Trento (Italy). J For Econ 14:17–196

    Google Scholar 

  • ISAFA (1985) Inventario forestale nazionale. Istituto Sperimentale per l’Assestamento Forestale e per l’Apicoltura, Ministero dell’Agricoltura e delle Foreste-Corpo Forestale dello Stato, Roma

  • Lazio R (1976a) Cartografia delle aree di particolare valore naturalistico. Volume 1° cartografia, Euro Graf, Roma

  • Lazio R (1976b) Cartografia delle aree di particolare valore naturalistico. Volume 2° relazione, Euro Graf, Roma

  • Marone E, Nocentini S, Ciancio O (2008) Definizione di sistemi compensativi e di indennizzo per la attività silvopastorali nei parchi nazionali. In: “III congresso Nazionale di Selvicoltura”. Taormina (ME), 16–19 ottobre, 2008

  • Merlo M (1995) Dai vincoli al mercato: strumenti adottati nelle politiche agricolo-forestali-ambientali. Rivista di polita Agraria 6:3–13

    Google Scholar 

  • Merlo M, Croitoru L (2005) Concepts and methodology: a first attempt towards quantification. In: Merlo M, Croitoru L (ed) Valuing Mediterranean forest. CABI Publishing, UK, pp 17–36

  • Merz S, Del Martello C, Martirana G (2006) Manuale pratico delle servitù. CEDAM Editore

  • MIPAF (2005) Inventario Nazionale delle foreste e dei serbatoi di carbonio. Corpo Forestale dello Stato, Roma

    Google Scholar 

  • Pagiola S, Bishop J, Landell-Mills N (2002) Market-based mechanism for forest conservation and development. In: Pagiola S, Bishop J, Landell-Mills N (eds) Selling forest environmental services. Edizione Earthscan, London

    Google Scholar 

  • Pelorosso R, Boccia L, Amici A (2008) Simulating brown hare (Lepus europeus Pallas) dispersion: a tool for wildlife management of wide areas. Ital J Anim Sci 7(3):335–350

    Google Scholar 

  • Piovesan G, Bartolomeo S, Bellarosa R, Di Filippo A, Alessandrini A, Blasi S, Fiordigigli R, Ziaco E, Balducci L, Santarelli G, Eusepi G (2008) Analisi dendro-auxologica del ceduo oltre turno di Monte Piantangeli (Tolfa, RM). In: La gestione forestale sostenibile di ecosistemi di particolare valore ambientale. Effetti e retro effetti delle politiche ambientali. Rapporto finale. Università degli Studi della Tuscia, Viterbo

  • Presutti Saba E, Carbone F (2008) Inventario delle aree indennizzate. In: La gestione forestale sostenibile di ecosistemi di particolare valore ambientale. Effetti e retro effetti delle politiche ambientali. Rapporto finale. Università degli Studi della Tuscia, Viterbo

  • Primi R, Serrani F, Fontecedro G, Viola P, Amici A (2007) Nutritional status of eurasian woodcock (Scolopax rusticola) wintering in Central Italy. Vth International Symposium on Wild Fauna, Chalkidiky, Greece, 22–27 Sept 2007. 69 Abst

  • Ravaioli F, Rocco E, Nasini M, Mazzaglia A, Anselmi N (2008) Associazioni in Quercus ilex di endofiti fungini, patogeni e non, in relazione ai danni da fuoco subiti dalle piante. Micologia Italiana 3:2–10

    Google Scholar 

  • Tamponi M (1983) Una proprietà speciale (lo statuto dei beni forestali). Patron Editore

  • Turner RK, Pearce DW, Bateman I (1994) Environmental economics. An Elementary introduction. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Viterbo, Italy

    Francesco Carbone

Authors
  1. Francesco Carbone
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Francesco Carbone.

Additional information

Communicated by K. Rosén.

Contribution developed under research on “Sustainable forestry management of forest ecosystems of particular value” (cod. 2003/75), financed by the Department of Agriculture, Lazio Region.

This article originates from the context of the EFORWOOD final conference, 23–24 September 2009, Uppsala, Sweden. EFORWOOD—Sustainability Impact Assessment of Forestry-wood Chains. The project was supported by the European Commission.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Carbone, F. Forestry indemnity: a regional case study. Eur J Forest Res 131, 119–129 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10342-011-0517-1

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10342-011-0517-1

Keywords

Search

Navigation