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Detection of the Potential of Seed Kernel for Food Industries Through Biochemical Evaluation of Diverse Mango Cultivars

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Abstract

Mango is an important fruit with worldwide acceptance, extensive marketing, vast production, wide distribution, and benefits to human health. Mango wastes, namely, seed kernel (MSK) and peel, have high functional and nutritional potential. An investigation was undertaken on the mango with molecular analysis of 32 varieties to select genetically diverse genotypes followed by biochemical characterization of seed kernel of 10 varieties to assess the industrial potential of the kernel. Overall, 16 biochemical parameters and eight simple sequence repeat (SSR) primers were used to characterize the varieties of mango. Proximate composition was studied for the different mango varieties. Lipid profile, amino acid profile, and mangiferin profile were also analysed. For molecular analysis, DNA was extracted from leaf tissues. Biochemical analysis of the kernel revealed significant variability for phytochemicals among the genotypes. The kernel was rich in minerals (1.15%), oil (9.235%), starch (50%), and crude protein (10.36%). Amino acid profiling through liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) suggested that kernels can be a source of eight essential amino acids. Steric and oleic acid represented the main fatty acids. Total phenol was in the range of 0.33–0.54%. Mangiferin content in the seed, analysed by LCMS, varied from 0.27 to 4.88 mg/g. Anti-nutritional factors were also detected in the kernel. The results of the current study suggest that significant varietal differences exist in mango for various phytochemicals. Based on the outcome of this experiment, it can be concluded that mango kernel is an economical source of valued food and nutraceutical components, which can be exploited in various food and feed industries.

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to thank Anand Agricultural University for providing the laboratory facility during the experiments.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biochemistry, B. A. College of Agriculture, Anand Agricultural University, 388 110, Anand, India

    Sneha D. Patel, Nilesh J. Patel & J. J. Dhruv

  2. Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Anand Agricultural University, 388 110, Anand, India

    Sneha D. Patel, Amar A. Sakure & Sushil Kumar

Authors
  1. Sneha D. Patel
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  2. Nilesh J. Patel
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  3. Amar A. Sakure
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  4. Sushil Kumar
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Contributions

Conceptualization of the research (NJP, SK); designing of the experiments (SDP, JJD); execution of field/laboratory experiments and data collection (SDP, AAS, SK, NJP); analysis of data and interpretation (SK, AAS, NJP); preparation of manuscript (SDP, SK, AAS).

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Correspondence to Sushil Kumar.

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S.D. Patel, N.J. Patel, A.A. Sakure, S. Kumar and J.J. Dhruv declare that they have no competing interests.

Supplementary Information

Supplementary Tables S1–S2. Table S1: Mass spectrometry parameters for detection of amino acids in MSK powder

10341_2022_759_MOESM2_ESM.docx

Supplementary Figures S1–S3. Supplementary Figure S1: LC-MS based amino acid profile of MSK powder, Supplementary Figure S2: LC-MS chromatograms of mangiferin for MSK powder

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Patel, S.D., Patel, N.J., Sakure, A.A. et al. Detection of the Potential of Seed Kernel for Food Industries Through Biochemical Evaluation of Diverse Mango Cultivars. Erwerbs-Obstbau 65, 2427–2436 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10341-022-00759-7

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