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The Relationship Between Growth Vigour of Rootstock and Phenolic Contents in Apple (Malus × domestica)

Die Beziehung zwischen Wuchsstärke der Unterlage und dem Phenolgehalt bei Apfel (Malus × domestica)

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Abstract

The aim of the study is to determine the effect of different growth vigorous rootstocks on phenolic compounds in leaves of apple. For this purpose it was used the leaves of cultivar ‘Red Chief’ grafted on dwarf (M9), semi-dwarf (M26) and semi-vigorous (MM106) rootstocks. During mid-July, the leaf samples were taken from the middle part of annual shoots. Phenolics of the leaves were determined by HPLC analysis. While significant differences among the rootstocks for p-hydroxybenzoic acid, eriodictyol, ferulic acid and p-coumaric acid were detected, these differences were insignificant for gallic acid and quercetin. It was shown that semi-vigorous rootstocks (MM106) had higher phenolic contents in total than the other two dwarf rootstocks. In addition, apigenin-7-glucoside, chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid, rosmarinic acid, epicatechin, syringic acid, catechin, rutin, resveratrol, hesperidin, naringenin, luteolin, apigenin and acacetin could not to be detected. Data showed that there is the relationship between growth vigour and phenolic contents of apple leaves. Especially, p-hydroxy benzoic acid and p-coumaric acid contents were higher in semi-vigorous rootstock than in dwarf rootstock.

Zusammenfassung

Das Ziel dieser Studie ist es, den Effekt von verschiedenen Wuchsstärken bei Unterlagen auf phenolische Verbindungen in Apfelblättern der Edelsorte zu untersuchen. Zu diesem Zweck wurden Blätter der Sorte ‘Red Chief’ verwendet, die auf schwachwachsende (M 9), halb-schwachwachsende (M 26) und mittelstarkwachsende (MM 106) Unterlagen veredelt war. Die Blattproben wurden Mitte Juli aus dem mittleren Teil der diesjährigen Triebe entnommen. Die in den Blättern enthaltenen Phenole wurden mittels HPLC-Analyse bestimmt. Während zwischen den Unterlagen signifikante Unterschiede bei p-Hydroxybenzoesäure, Eriodictyol, Ferulasäure und p-Cumarsäure gefunden wurden, waren die Unterschiede bei Gallussäure und Quercetin nicht signifikant. Es kann festgestellt werden, dass bei mittelstarkwachsenden Unterlagen (MM 106) ein höherer Gesamt-Phenolgehalt enthalten ist als bei den beiden schwachwachsenden Unterlagen. Es ist zu ergänzen, dass Apigenin-7-Glycoside, Chlorogensäure, Kaffeesäure, Rosmarinsäure, Epicatechin, Syringasäure, Catechin, Rutin, Resveratrol, Hesperidin, Naringenin, Luteolin, Apigenin und Acacetin nicht festgestellt wurden. Die Auswertungen zeigen, dass eine Beziehung zwischen der Wuchsstärke und dem Phenolgehalt in Blättern besteht. Besonders die Gehalte an p-Hydroxybenzoesäure und p-Cumarsäure waren bei mittelstarkwachsenden Unterlagen höher als bei schwachwachsenden.

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Correspondence to Fatma Yıldırım.

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Yıldırım, F., Yıldırım, A., San, B. et al. The Relationship Between Growth Vigour of Rootstock and Phenolic Contents in Apple (Malus × domestica). Erwerbs-Obstbau 58, 25–29 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10341-015-0253-7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10341-015-0253-7

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