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Toxic effect of Canavalia ensiformis seed coat on larval development of Callosobruchus maculatus

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Abstract

The outer-covering of seeds is known as the seed coat, and this is the seed's first protective barrier against the penetration of insects. In this sense, seed coat toxicity can affect insect development. In this work, we study the influence of the Canavalia ensiformis seed coat on embryonic and larval development of Callosobruchus maculatus. Oviposition of C. maculatus was negatively affected by the seed coat, while embryonic development occurred without any morphological or biochemical alterations. During larval development, physiological changes comprising delay in body weight, the inability of larvae to penetrate the C. ensiformis seed coat, and decreases in biochemical parameters, such as contents of glucose, proteins, and triglycerides, were recorded. Although larvae survived until 17 days after oviposition, they could not penetrate the C. ensiformis seed coat. A dose-dependent effect was observed on female oviposition, mass, and survival of larvae of C. maculatus. Cysteine protease, α-amylase and α-glucosidase activities decreased while aspartic protease activity increased with increases in ingestion of seed coat flour. Larval post-embryonic development was affected by C. ensiformis seed and this interference is related with a toxic seed coat which reduced activities of several key digestive enzymes, resulting in severe weight loss.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by grants from the Brazilian agencies: FAPERJ, CNPq and from the Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro-UENF.

Funding

The authors thank financial support for this work from FAPERJ (Fundação de amparo a pesquisa do Rio de Janeiro), CNPq (Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Tecnológico) and CAPES (Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior). We would like to thank Dr Gustavo Lazzaro Rezende (LQFPP/CBB/UENF) for the contributions in the experiments of the insect embryonic morphology.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratório de Química e Função de Proteínas e Peptídeos, Centro de Biociências e Biotecnologia, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro-UENF, Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ, 28013602, Brazil

    Leonardo Figueira Reis de Sá, Kayan Eudorico Ventury, Olga Lima Tavares Machado, Kátia Valevski Sales Fernandes, José Xavier-Filho & Antonia Elenir Amancio Oliveira

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  1. Leonardo Figueira Reis de Sá
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  2. Kayan Eudorico Ventury
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  3. Olga Lima Tavares Machado
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  4. Kátia Valevski Sales Fernandes
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  5. José Xavier-Filho
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  6. Antonia Elenir Amancio Oliveira
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Correspondence to Antonia Elenir Amancio Oliveira.

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The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

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This article does not contain any studies with human participants performed by any of the authors. All applicable international, national and/or institutional guidelines for the care and use of animals were followed.

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Communicated by C. G. Athanassiou.

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de Sá, L.F.R., Ventury, K.E., Machado, O.L.T. et al. Toxic effect of Canavalia ensiformis seed coat on larval development of Callosobruchus maculatus . J Pest Sci 91, 313–326 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10340-017-0895-3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10340-017-0895-3

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