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Enantioresolution of Amino Acids: A Decade’s Perspective, Prospects and Challenges

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Abstract

Both from academic and industrial points of view enantioseparation of dl-amino acids continues to be a subject of immense importance and enjoys a great analytical significance in various fields, such as in the studies of fossils, origin of life, disease diagnosis, quality of food and beverages, etc. The present paper is a topical collection of recent advances along with a discussion on possible challenges in chiral amino acid analysis and is intended to present the existing state of knowledge on the topic as a particular facet of chromatography (and electrophoretic techniques). It presents a critical overview of the state-of-the-art of the topic, with critically selected examples to point the reader to trends and likely future developments and to give a selection of important references to the current literature.

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Abbreviations

AA:

Amino acid

Aib:

Aminoisobutyric acid

CC:

Cyanuric chloride

CD:

Cyclodextrin

CDR:

Chiral derivatizing reagent

CD-CZE:

Cyclodextrin-modified capillary zone electrophoresis

CDEKC:

Cyclodextrin-modified electrokinetic chromatography

CD-MEKC:

Cyclodextrin-modified micellar electrokinetic chromatography

CE:

Capillary electrophoresis

CEC:

Capillary electrochromatography

CILs:

Chiral ionic liquids

CMC:

Critical micelle concentration

CMCD:

Carboxymethyl-β-cyclodextrin

CMPA:

Chiral mobile phase additive

CSF:

Cerebrospinal fluid

CSP:

Chiral stationary phase

DFDNB:

1,5-Difluoro-2,4-dinitrobenzene

HPLC:

High performance liquid chromatography

2D-HPLC:

Two-dimensional high performance liquid chromatography

DNP:

Dinitrophenyl

FDAA:

1-Fluoro-2,4-dinitrophenyl-5-l-alaninamide

FDLA:

1-Fluoro-2,4-dinitrophenyl-5-l-leucinamide

GC:

Gas chromatography

GC–IRMS:

Gas chromatography–isotope-ratio mass spectrometry

HPLC:

High performance liquid chromatography

ILEC:

Indirect ligand-exchange chromatography

LC:

Liquid chromatography

MS:

Mass spectrometry

TLC:

Thin layer chromatography

LEC:

Ligand-exchange chromatography

LE-CE:

Ligand-exchange capillary electrophoresis

LE-MEKC:

Ligand-exchange micellar electrokinetic chromatography

LIF:

Laser-induced fluorescence

LOD:

Limit of detection

LOQ:

Limit of quantification

MBIC:

(R)-Methyl benzyl isothiocyanate

MNPs:

Magnetic nanoparticles

MR:

Marfey’s reagent

NACE:

Nonaqueous capillary electrophoresis

NBD-F:

4-Fluoro-7-nitro-2,1,3-benzoxadiazole

NEIC:

(S)-1-(1-Naphthyl) ethyl isothiocyanate

NMDA:

N-Methyl d-aspartate

NP:

Normal phase

OPA:

o-Phthalaldehyde

PenA:

Penicillamine

RP:

Reversed phase

RTILs:

Room temperature ionic liquids

SIM:

Selected ion monitoring

SINP:

N-Succinimidyl-(S)-2-(6-methoxynaphth-2-yl) propionate

SRM:

Selected reaction monitoring

STC:

Spirothiazolidine

TFA:

Trifluoroacetic acid

ToF:

Time of flight

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Genoa, Via Dodecaneso 31, 16146, Genoa, Italy

    Shivani Tanwar

  2. Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, 247667, India

    Ravi Bhushan

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  1. Shivani Tanwar
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  2. Ravi Bhushan
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Correspondence to Shivani Tanwar.

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Tanwar, S., Bhushan, R. Enantioresolution of Amino Acids: A Decade’s Perspective, Prospects and Challenges. Chromatographia 78, 1113–1134 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10337-015-2933-8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10337-015-2933-8

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