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Extraction, séparation et activité antibactérienne des tanins de marrube blanc (Marrubium vulgare L.)

Extraction, separation and antibacterial activity of tannins of white horehound (Marrubium vulgare L.)

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  • Pharmacognosie
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Phytothérapie

Résumé

Marrubium vulgare L. ou marrube blanc est une espèce très répandue dans le bassin méditerranéen et utilisée pour ses vertus thérapeutiques. Notre objectif est de vérifier la spécificité de cette plante sur le plan antiseptique et notamment l’activité antibactérienne de ses tanins. L’extraction des tanins a permis d’obtenir un rendement très important égal à 11,44 %. Les composés isolés sont séparés par CCM et leur activité antibactérienne vis-à-vis des souches bactériennes responsables de certaines maladies infectieuses est déterminée in vitro sur milieux Mueller-Hinton et Sabouraud. Des tests de comparaison (antibiotique: rifampine) sont également inclus dans les essais. Les résultats obtenus ont démontré en outre que l’extrait tannique est formé de quatre composés ayant des rapports frontaux plus ou moins rapprochés. Des tests antibactériens réalisés avec les extraits tanniques isolés, il ressort que l’inhibition de la croissance des souches varie en fonction de l’espèce bactérienne, de la concentration de l’extrait et du milieu de culture utilisé. Un effet antibactérien important est observé vis-à-vis des souches considérées parmi les plus résistantes aux antibiotiques telles que Pseudomonas aeruginosa 7244 et Staphylococcus aureus. Les zones d’inhibition dépassent de loin celles provoquées par l’antibiotique rifampine.

Abstract

Marrubium vulgare L. or white horehound is a widespread species in the Mediterranean and is widely used for its therapeutic properties. The objective was to verify the specificity of this plant including the antiseptic and antibacterial activity of tannins. The extraction of tannins allowed us to obtain high yields equals to 11.44%. The isolated compounds were separated by thin layer chromatography (TLC) and their antibacterial activity towards the bacterial strains responsible for certain infectious diseases was determined in vitro on Mueller-Hinton and Sabouraud. Comparison tests (antibiotic: rifampin) were also included in the trials. The results showed firstly that the tannin extract is composed of four compounds with frontal reports more or less reconciled. From the antibacterial tests performed with isolated tannin, it is clear that the growth inhibition of strains varies depending on the nature of the bacterial species, the concentration of the extract and the culturemedium used. A significant antibacterial effect was observed towards the strains considered among the most resistant to antibiotics and that can cause infections, often serious, such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa 7244 and Staphylococcus aureus. The zones of inhibition far exceed those caused by the antibiotic rifampin.

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  1. Laboratoire de biologie végétale et environnement, département de biologie, université Badji-Mokhtar, BP 12, Annaba, 23000, Algérie

    A. B. Djahra, O. Bordjiba & S. Benkherara

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  1. A. B. Djahra
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  2. O. Bordjiba
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  3. S. Benkherara
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Correspondence to A. B. Djahra.

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Djahra, A.B., Bordjiba, O. & Benkherara, S. Extraction, séparation et activité antibactérienne des tanins de marrube blanc (Marrubium vulgare L.). Phytothérapie 11, 348–352 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10298-013-0819-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10298-013-0819-1

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