Abstract
The present study investigates the mixed layer variations near mesoscale eddies in the Bay of Bengal (BoB) using satellite altimeter and Argo data. Furthermore, the factors responsible for sea surface variations near mesoscale eddies are analyzed using the mixed layer heat and salinity budgets estimated from Argo profiles. In the diagnostic mixed layer heat budget analysis, the entrainment term is parametrized based on the presence and absence of the barrier layer. The role of inversion and barrier layers on eddy-induced temperature variations is also examined near eddy locations. Results showed that anti-cyclonic eddies deepen mixed layer depth (MLD) and barrier layer thickness (BLT). Whereas, near cyclonic eddies shallower MLD and BLT is evident. However, MLD and BLT variations near mesoscale eddies are prominent during monsoon and winter seasons, respectively. Heat budget analysis near eddy locations depicts that surface heat fluxes and vertical entrainment are the primary factors responsible for temperature variations near mesoscale eddies. Similarly, the salinity budget analysis near eddy locations reveals that horizontal advection (stirring effect) is the predominant processes responsible for the salinity variations. The outcome of the present study is believed to be useful in validating and improving the eddy-resolving ocean models.
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Data sharing is not applicable to this article as no new data were created or analysed in this study. All data presented in this paper have been previously published and are available from sources identified in the original publications.
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Acknowledgements
Authors would like to acknowledge the Ministry of Earth Sciences, Government of India, for providing a research grant (MoES/36/OOIS/Extra/46/2016). The authors would also like to acknowledge Copernicus Marine Environment Monitoring Service for making available sea surface height anomalies data, and daily ocean current velocities. The authors acknowledge the Barcelona Expert Center for SMOS data. Argo data was obtained from Coriolis Operational Oceanography. Authors also acknowledge ESSO-INCOIS-Indian National Centre for Ocean Information Services for providing wind-stress, air-sea fluxes data, and WHOI (Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution) OA flux project for providing evaporation data. World Ocean Atlas 2018 data was also obtained from NCEI-NOAA. The authors would like to acknowledge the Physical Science Division of Earth System Laboratory (ESRL), NOAA, for providing daily Sea surface temperature data.
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Gulakaram, V.S., Vissa, N.K. & Bhaskaran, P.K. Processes responsible for mixed layer variations near mesoscale eddies in the Bay of Bengal. Ocean Dynamics 74, 439–457 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10236-024-01612-z
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10236-024-01612-z