Abstract
Deep mining in the Jiaojia gold mine area has changed the chemical and flow characteristics of the groundwater there. We studied the relationship between the influent water sources and mine water, as well as the temporal and spatial distribution characteristics and evolution of groundwater chemistry using Piper diagrams, ion proportional coefficient analysis, and grey correlation analysis. The history and predicted groundwater chemical characteristics in the Jiaojia gold mine area were evaluated and a new method of researching the evolution of groundwater chemical characteristics was proposed that can more intuitively evaluate and predict vertical water sources. The main water inflow (inrush) source in the deep mine was shown to be water in the fractured fault footwall, followed by water in the fractured fault hanging wall. Due to mining, the hanging wall and footwall fractured aquifers now have a close hydraulic connection. As mining depth increases, permeability pathways between the seawater and mine water may be formed, causing higher concentrations of major ions near the Jiaojia fault zone and gold mines than in other areas.
摘要
摘要: 焦家金矿区的深部开采改变了地下水的化学和流动特征。论文利用 Piper 图、离子比例系数分析和灰色关联分析等方法研究了进水源与矿井水之间的关系, 以及地下水化学的时空分布特征和演化过程。通过评价焦家金矿区地下水化学特征的历史和预测, 提出了一种新的地下水化学特征演变研究方法, 可以更直观地评价和预测垂直充水源。研究表明, 深部矿区的主要突 (涌) 水来源是断裂断层底板水, 其次是构造裂隙水。由于采动, 断层上盘与下盘裂隙含水层发生密切的水力联系。随着开采深度的增加, 海水和矿井水之间可能形成渗水通道, 导致焦家断裂带和金矿附近的主要离子浓度高于其他地区。
Zusammenfassung
Der Tiefbau im Gebiet der Jiaojia-Goldmine hat die chemischen und die Fließ-Eigenschaften des Grundwassers verändert. Wir untersuchten die Beziehung zwischen dem der Mine zuströmendem Wasser und dem Grubenwasser sowie die zeitlichen und räumlichen Verteilungsmerkmale und die Entwicklung der Grundwasserchemie mit Hilfe von Piper-Diagrammen, der Analyse von Ionenproportionalitätskoeffizienten und der grauen Verhältnisanalyse. Die historischen und prognostizierten chemischen Eigenschaften des Grundwassers im Gebiet der Goldmine Jiaojia wurden ausgewertet, und es wurde eine neue Methode zur Erforschung der Entwicklung der chemischen Eigenschaften des Grundwassers vorgeschlagen, die eine intuitivere Bewertung und Vorhersage der vertikalen Füllwasserquellen ermöglicht. Es wurde festgestellt, dass sich die Hauptquelle für Wassereinbrüche in der tiefen Mine im Liegenden der Verwerfungskluft befindet, gefolgt von Wasser im Hangenden. Durch den Bergbau stehen die Kluft-Grundwasserleiter im Hangenden und im Liegenden nun in enger hydraulischer Verbindung. Mit zunehmender Abbautiefe können sich Durchlässigkeitswege zwischen dem Meerwasser und dem Grubenwasser bilden, die in der Nähe der Jiaojia-Verwerfungszone und der Goldminen höhere Konzentrationen von Hauptionen verursachen als in anderen Gebieten.
Resumen
La minería subterránea de oro del área de Jiaojia ha modificado las características químicas y de flujo de las aguas subterráneas. Se ha estudiado la relación entre las fuentes de entrada de agua y el agua de mina, así como las características de distribución temporal y espacial y la evolución de la química de las aguas subterráneas mediante diagramas de Piper, análisis del coeficiente proporcional de iones y análisis de correlación gris. Se evaluaron la historia y las características químicas previstas de las aguas subterráneas en el área de Jiaojia y se propuso un nuevo método de investigación de la evolución de las características químicas de las aguas subterráneas que puede evaluar y predecir de forma más intuitiva las fuentes de entrada vertical de agua. Se demostró que la principal entrada de agua en la mina es el agua del muro, fracturado y fallado, seguida de la procedente del techo, también fracturado. Debido a la explotación minera, los acuíferos fracturados de techo y muro tienen ahora una estrecha conexión hidráulica. A medida que aumenta la profundidad de la explotación, pueden formarse vías de permeabilidad entre el agua de mar y el agua de la mina, lo que provoca concentraciones más elevadas de iones principales cerca de la falla y las minas de oro de Jiaojia que en otras zonas.
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Acknowledgements
We gratefully acknowledge the financial support of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant 42002282) and the Key Projects of the Shandong Natural Science Foundation (Grant ZR2020KE023).
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Wang, Y., Wu, X., Liu, Z. et al. Characteristics and Trend Prediction of Groundwater Chemical Evolution Under the Influence of Sea Water in the Jiaojia Gold Mining Area, China. Mine Water Environ 43, 53–72 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10230-023-00968-w
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10230-023-00968-w