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Protection of the kidney with sodium–glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors: potential mechanisms raised by the large-scaled randomized control trials

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Abstract

This communication provides a current overview on the renal protective effects of sodium–glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors in diabetics. Following the epoch-making publications, the CANVAS Program and the EMPA-REG OUTCOME trial, numerous literature has discussed the mechanisms by which SGLT2 inhibition exerts its cardio-renal protective effects. Some of them reached agreement, while others did not. This review focuses on the hemodynamic aspect and the remaining potential factors relevant to the renal protection which have not been so much taken up by other review papers. Questions unanswered include factors of uric acid, lipids, erythropoiesis and oxidative stress, salt and sympathetic nerve, and the Na–H exchanger in heart and kidney.

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  1. Miho Clinic, Jikei University School of Medicine, Shin-Osaki Kangyo Bldg. 2F, 1-6-4, Osaki, Shinagawa-ku, 141-0032, Tokyo, Japan

    Satoru Kuriyama

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Kuriyama, S. Protection of the kidney with sodium–glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors: potential mechanisms raised by the large-scaled randomized control trials. Clin Exp Nephrol 23, 304–312 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10157-018-1673-0

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