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Effects of Brown Fishmeal on Growth Performance, Digestibility, and Lipid Metabolism of the Chinese Soft-Shelled Turtle (Pelodiscus sinensis)

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Abstract

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of brown fishmeal in replacement of white fishmeal in the diet of Chinese soft-shelled turtles and to find the optimal amount of brown fishmeal to add. Five experimental groups were set up and fed to animals, and they were composed by different proportions of white and brown fishmeal: G1 (30% white and 25% brown fishmeal), G2 (25% white and 30% brown fishmeal), G3 (20% white and 35% brown fishmeal), G4 (15% white and 40% brown fishmeal), G5 (10% white and 45% brown fishmeal). G1 is regarded as the control group. Turtles were randomly divided into five experimental groups with four replicates each. The experiment lasted 72 days. The results showed that the WGR, SGR, FCR, and HSI of the G3 group were not significantly different from those of the control group (P > 0.05). In addition, brown fishmeal can increase the crude protein content in the muscles of them. Among the serum biochemical indices, there was no significant difference between the G3 group and the G1 group, except for the level of TG (P > 0.05). Meanwhile, the activities of AST, ALT, and CAT in the liver of the G3 group did not differ significantly from those of the G1 group (P > 0.05). However, the activities of ACP, AKP, and T-AOC were significantly decreased in the G3 group (P < 0.05). In addition, the alteration of fishmeal did not affect the digestive enzyme activities in the stomach, liver, and intestine, and there is no significant difference (P > 0.05). Importantly, with increasing brown fishmeal addition, the expression of Fas, Pparγ, Scd, and Stat3 showed a significant increase, while the expression of Bmp4 decreased significantly (P < 0.05). In this study, the addition of 20% white fishmeal and 35% brown fishmeal to the diet of Chinese soft-shelled turtles did not adversely affect growth performance. Therefore, 20% white fishmeal and 35% brown fishmeal are the most practical feed formulations for Chinese soft-shelled turtles in this study.

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Acknowledgements

Study on the application of brown fishmeal instead of white fishmeal in Chinese soft-shelled turtle (D8006220172).

Funding

Experimental funding was provided by the “Study on the application of brown fishmeal instead of white fishmeal in Chinese soft-shelled turtle (D8006220172)”.

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Author notes

  1. Guo-Fang Zhong, Liang-Fa Zhang, and Yi Zhuang contributed equally to this work.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China

    Guo-Fang Zhong, Liang-Fa Zhang, Yi Zhuang, Qi Li, He Huang & Cong Cao

  2. Centre for Research on Environmental Ecology and Fish Nutrition (CREEFN) of the Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China

    Guo-Fang Zhong

  3. Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai, 201306, China

    Guo-Fang Zhong

  4. Zhejiang Huzhou Haihuang Bio-Technology Co., Ltd., Huzhou, 313000, China

    Zhan-Ying Zhu & Zhong-Yuan Huang

  5. South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510640, China

    Nu-An Wang

  6. School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China

    Kun Yuan

Authors
  1. Guo-Fang Zhong
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  2. Liang-Fa Zhang
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  4. Qi Li
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  10. Kun Yuan
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Contributions

The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. GFZ, ZYZ and ZYH supervised the project. KY and GFZ designed the experiments. LFZ, YZ, QL, HH and CC conducted the experiments. YZ and LFZ conducted the data analyses. YZ wrote the manuscript. GFZ, KY and NAW finalized the manuscript.

Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Guo-Fang Zhong or Kun Yuan.

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Ethics Approval and Consent to Participate

The general culturing and sampling of experimental turtles were in accordance with Shanghai Ocean University's ethical guidelines for the care and use of laboratory animals.

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The authors declare no competing interests.

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Zhong, GF., Zhang, LF., Zhuang, Y. et al. Effects of Brown Fishmeal on Growth Performance, Digestibility, and Lipid Metabolism of the Chinese Soft-Shelled Turtle (Pelodiscus sinensis). Mar Biotechnol 26, 28–36 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10126-023-10274-9

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