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Impact of Titanium Dioxide-Graphene Oxide (TiO2-GO) Composite Nanoparticle on the Juveniles of the Giant River Prawn, Macrobrachium rosenbergii: Physio-Biochemistry and Transcriptional Response

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Abstract

Nanomaterials are used in many fields, resulting in inevitably releasing into the aquatic environment. The presence of nanomaterials, including TiO2-GO in the aquatic environment, can be toxic to aquatic organisms. However, few studies have focused on the effects of TiO2-GO composite nanoparticle on crustaceans. In the present study, the giant river prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii juveniles were exposed to two concentrations of TiO2-GO composite nanoparticle (0.1 and 0.5 mg/L). The effects of TiO2-GO composite exposure on activities of digestive and antioxidant-related enzymes and expressions of growth and immune-related genes at the transcriptome were studied. The results showed that the survival rate and growth performance were not negatively affected by TiO2-GO composite at the two exposure levels. Nevertheless, exposure to TiO2-GO composite causes an effect on the activities of digestive and antioxidant enzymes in the juvenile prawns. The enzyme activities of CAT, SOD, GSH-Px, AMS, TPS, and LPS in the 0.1 mg/L TiO2-GO composite experimental group were markedly reduced than those in the control group. Additionally, the expression level of genes involved in growth and immunity was significantly affected by TiO2-GO composite. After exposure to the 0.1 mg/L TiO2-GO composite, the mRNA expression level of MSTN was significantly increased, but the level of EcR, Raptor, and CaBP was significantly decreased. However, the mRNA levels of the CTL, TLR, JAK, and STAT were significantly increased after exposure to the 0.5 mg/L concentration of TiO2-GO composite. Furthermore, to understand the molecular mechanism of M. rosenbergii under TiO2-GO composite exposure, RNA-Seq was employed to analyze the changes of the muscle and hepatopancreas transcriptome. Compared with the control group, we identified 5166 and 4784 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the muscle and hepatopancreas, respectively (p < 0.05). Based on gene ontology and KEGG analysis, significant differences were observed in the DEGs involved in activity and binding, metabolism, immune response, and environmental information processing. These results showed that exposure to TiO2-GO composite nanoparticle led to the changes of enzyme activity and gene expression, suggesting that TiO2-GO composite existing in aquatic environments would disrupt the physiology of M. rosenbergii. This study will serve as a foundation for subsequent research into the evaluation of nanomaterial toxicity on crustacean species.

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Data Availability

The datasets generated during and analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

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Funding

This work was supported by the Natural Science Foundation of China (project number 31902348), the Key Research and Development Plan of Jiangsu Province (project number BE2022358), and the Taizhou Science and Technology Support Plan (Agriculture) (project number TN202110).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China

    Ziqi Guo, Jianbin Feng, Jiale Li & Keyi Ma

  2. Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, People’s Republic of China

    Ziqi Guo, Jianbin Feng, Jiale Li & Keyi Ma

  3. School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, People’s Republic of China

    Jiabao Zuo & Shupeng Zhang

  4. College of Fisheries and Life Science, Pudong New Area, Shanghai Ocean University, 999 Hucheng Huan Road, Shanghai, 201306, People’s Republic of China

    Keyi Ma

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  1. Ziqi Guo
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Contributions

Keyi Ma, Shupeng Zhang, and Jiale Li supervised the project. Keyi Ma and Shupeng Zhang designed the experiments. Ziqi Guo and Jiabao Zuo conducted the experiments. Ziqi Guo, Jiabao Zuo, and Jianbin Feng conducted the data analysis. Keyi Ma and Ziqi Guo wrote the manuscript. Keyi Ma and Shupeng Zhang finalized the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Keyi Ma.

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Ethics Approval

All handling of prawns was conducted in accordance with the guidelines on the care and use of animals for scientific purposes set up by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (IACUC) of the Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China. The IACUC has specially approved this study within the project “Breeding of Giant Freshwater Prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii” (approval number is SHOU-DW-2019–033).

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The authors declare no competing interests.

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Ziqi Guo and Jiabao Zuo contributed equally to this work.

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Guo, Z., Zuo, J., Feng, J. et al. Impact of Titanium Dioxide-Graphene Oxide (TiO2-GO) Composite Nanoparticle on the Juveniles of the Giant River Prawn, Macrobrachium rosenbergii: Physio-Biochemistry and Transcriptional Response. Mar Biotechnol 25, 45–56 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10126-022-10180-6

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