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Potential Anti-proliferative and Immunomodulatory Effects of Marine Microalgal Exopolysaccharide on Various Human Cancer Cells and Lymphocytes In Vitro

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Abstract

Marine microalgal exopolysaccharides (EPSs) have drawn great attention due to their biotechnological potentials such as anti-viral, anti-oxidant, anti-lipidemic, anti-proliferative, and immunomodulatory activities, etc. In the present study, the EPS derived from microalgae Thraustochytriidae sp.-derived mutant GA was investigated for its anti-proliferation and immunomodulation. Anti-cancer efficacy of the microalgal EPS was examined for the alterations in cell proliferation and cell cycle-related gene expression that occur in three types of human cancer cell lines, BG-1 ovarian, MCF-7 breast, and SW-620 colon cancer cell lines, by its treatment. Alterations in immunoreactivity by the microalgal EPS were examined by measuring its influence on the growth of T and B lymphocytes and cytokine production of T cells. In cell viability assay, the microalgal EPS inhibited cancer cell growth at the lowest concentration of 10−11 dilution and in a dose-responsive manner within the range of dilution of 10−11~10−3. In addition, the protein expression of cell cycle progression genes such as cyclin D1 and E in these cancer cell lines was significantly reduced by the microalgal EPS in a dose- and a time-dependant manner. In cell proliferation assay using T and B cells, the microalgal EPS induced B cell proliferation even at the lowest dilution of 10−11, but not T cells. In cytokine assay, the microalgal EPS decreased the formation of IL-6 and INF-γ at 10−3 dilution compared to the control and had no significant effects on TNF-α. Collectively, these findings suggest that the EPS derived from microalgae Thraustochytriidae sp. GA has an anti-proliferative activity against cancer cells and an immunomodulatory effect by having an influence on B cell proliferation and cytokine secretion of T cells.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by a grant from the KRIBB Research Initiative Program (KGM2211531). In addition, this work was also supported by a National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant funded by the Ministry of Education, Science and Technology (MEST) of the Republic of Korea (2014R1A1A2055295) and Priority Research Centers Program through NRF funded by the Ministry of Education, Science and Technology (2015R1A6A1A04020885).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratory of Biochemistry and Immunology, Veterinary Medical Center and College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, 28644, Republic of Korea

    Geon-Tae Park, Ryeo-Eun Go, Hae-Miru Lee, Geum-A Lee, Cho-Won Kim, Kyung-Chul Choi & Kyung-A Hwang

  2. Korea Research Institute of Bioscience & Biotechnology, 181 Ipsin-gil, Jeongup, Jeonbuk, Republic of Korea

    Jeong-Woo Seo

  3. LED Agri-bio Fusion Technology Research Center, College of Environmental & Bioresource Science, Chonbuk National University, Iksan Campus, Jeonju, Jeonbuk, Republic of Korea

    Won-Kyung Hong

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  1. Geon-Tae Park
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  2. Ryeo-Eun Go
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Correspondence to Kyung-Chul Choi or Kyung-A Hwang.

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Park, GT., Go, RE., Lee, HM. et al. Potential Anti-proliferative and Immunomodulatory Effects of Marine Microalgal Exopolysaccharide on Various Human Cancer Cells and Lymphocytes In Vitro. Mar Biotechnol 19, 136–146 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10126-017-9735-y

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