Abstract
Transcription factors play a central role in expression of genomic information in all organisms. The objective of our study is to analyze the function of transcription factors in red algae. One way to analyze transcription factors in eukaryotic cells is to study their nuclear localization, as reported for land plants and green algae using fluorescent proteins. There is, however, no report documenting subcellular localization of transcription factors from red algae. In the present study, using the marine red alga Porphyra yezoensis, we confirmed for the first time successful expression of humanized fluorescent proteins (ZsGFP and ZsYFP) from a reef coral Zoanthus sp. and land plant-adapted sGFP(S65T) in gametophytic cells comparable to expression of AmCFP. Following molecular cloning and characterization of transcription factors DP-E2F-like 1 (PyDEL1), transcription elongation factor 1 (PyElf1) and multiprotein bridging factor 1 (PyMBF1), we then demonstrated that ZsGFP and AmCFP can be used to visualize nuclear localization of PyElf1 and PyMBF1. This is the first report to perform visualization of subcellular localization of transcription factors as genome-encoded proteins in red algae.
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Acknowledgments
We are grateful to Dr Yasuo Niwa (University of Shizuoka) for kind providing pCaMV35S-sGFP(S65T)-nos3', Dr Hajime Yasui (Hokkaido University, Japan) for kindly providing the microscopes and to our colleagues for helpful discussions. This study was supported in part by a grant from the Sumitomo Foundation (to KM) and by Grants-in-Aid for the 21st COE (Center Of Excellence) Program ‘Marine Bio-Manipulation Frontier for Food Production’ and the City Area Program in Industry-Academia-Government Joint Research (Hakodate area) from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science, and Technology, Japan (to NS).
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Uji, T., Takahashi, M., Saga, N. et al. Visualization of Nuclear Localization of Transcription Factors with Cyan and Green Fluorescent Proteins in the Red Alga Porphyra yezoensis . Mar Biotechnol 12, 150–159 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10126-009-9210-5
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10126-009-9210-5