Abstract
Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are a major concern in public health. The prevalent uropathogenic bacterium in healthcare settings is Escherichia coli. The increasing rate of antibiotic-resistant strains demands studies to understand E. coli pathogenesis to drive the development of new therapeutic approaches. This study compared the gene expression profile of selected target genes in the prototype uropathogenic E. coli (UPEC) strain CFT073 grown in Luria Bertani (LB), artificial urine (AU), and during adhesion to host bladder cells by semi-quantitative real-time PCR (RT-PCR) assays. AU effectively supported the growth of strain CFT073 as well as other E. coli strains with different lifestyles, thereby confirming the appropriateness of this medium for in vitro models. Unexpectedly, gene expression of strain CFT073 in LB and AU was quite similar; conversely, during the adhesion assay, adhesins and porins were upregulated, while key global regulators were downregulated with respect to lab media. Interestingly, fimH and papGII genes were significantly expressed in all tested conditions. Taken together, these results provide for the first time insights of the metabolic and pathogenic profile of strain CFT073 during the essential phase of host cell adhesion.
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Data sharing not applicable to this article as no datasets were generated or analyzed during the current study.
Abbreviations
- ABC-type:
-
ATP-binding cassette
- AU:
-
Artificial urine
- cAMP:
-
3′-5′-Cyclic AMP
- CFU:
-
Colony-forming units
- CRP:
-
CAMP receptor protein
- Ct:
-
Cycle threshold
- DAM:
-
Deoxyadenosine methylase
- ExPEC:
-
Extra-intestinal pathogenic E. coli
- FBS:
-
Fetal bovine serum
- Fnr:
-
Fumarase-nitrate reductase regulator
- GbO3:
-
Globotriasylceramide receptor
- GIs:
-
Genomic islands
- Hfq:
-
Host factor Q-beta
- HMDB:
-
Human Metabolome Database
- H-NS:
-
Histone-like protein
- LB:
-
Luria Bertani
- Lrp:
-
Leucine-responsive regulatory protein
- MOI:
-
Multiplicity of infection
- OD:
-
Optical density
- OMPs:
-
Outer membrane proteins
- PAIs:
-
Pathogenicity islands
- PBS:
-
Phosphate-buffered saline
- PTS:
-
Phosphotransferase system
- RT-PCR:
-
Real-time PCR
- SD:
-
Standard deviation
- sRNA:
-
Small RNA
- UPEC:
-
Uropathogenic Escherichia coli
- UTIs:
-
Urinary tract infections
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Acknowledgements
We acknowledge Luca Cicconi for technical and administrative assistance. Authors wish to thank Prof. U. Dobrindt (University of Münster, Germany) for the kind gift of strain CFT073. Special thanks are due to Dr Andrea Masotti for his invaluable help in analyzing gene expression data.
Funding
Salaries of M.S. and D.S. were supported by Italian Ministry of Health (Progetto SG-2018–12365432) and the Dani Di Giò Foundation-Onlus, Rome, Italy, respectively. Experimental materials used in this study were supported by Bandi Ateneo Sapienza (RP120172B7FF9E6F) to C.Z. and C.A. and by Progetto NAOCON (Nuovi Antimicrobici Ottenuti da Composti di Origine Naturale) ARS01_00597 (codice CUP B56G18000200005) from MIUR and Progetto di ricerca PNRM Analisi Genomica Resistoma Infezioni Nosocomiali dei Teatri Operativi (AGRINTO) from Ministero della Difesa to A.T.P. The funders did not play a role in the design of the study, and collection, analysis, and interpretation of data analysis or in writing the manuscript.
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Conceptualization, D.S., M.S., and C.A.; data curation, D.S., M.S., and C.A.; formal analysis, D.S., M.S., and C.A.; investigation, D.S., M.S., and C.A.; methodology, D.S., M.S., C.A., C.Z., and A.T.P.; resources, D.S., M.S., C.Z., and D.L.; writing—original draft, M.S. and C.A.; writing—review and editing, D.S., M.S., C.A., D.L., C.Z., and A.T.P.; supervision, project administration, and funding acquisition, A.T.P.
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Sarshar, M., Scribano, D., Limongi, D. et al. Adaptive strategies of uropathogenic Escherichia coli CFT073: from growth in lab media to virulence during host cell adhesion. Int Microbiol 25, 481–494 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10123-022-00235-y
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10123-022-00235-y