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Effects of low-intensity non-coherent light therapy on the inflammatory process in the calcaneal tendon of ovariectomized rats

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Abstract

The aim of this experimental study was to investigate the effects of low-intensity light-emitting diode (LED) phototherapy on the inflammatory process in the calcaneal tendon of ovariectomized rats (OVX) through the involvement of the inflammatory mediators interleukin (IL)-6, IL-10, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α). Thirty-five female Wistar rats were divided into 4 groups: 3 groups of OVX rats totaling 30 rats (untreated OVX rats [OVX injury group], treated OVX rats [OVX LED group], and control OVX rats; subgroups existed based on the sampling times, which were 3, 7, and 14 days) and 1 group of non-OVX rats (not OVX; n = 5). Tendon injury was induced by trauma using a 208-g mass placed at 20 cm from the right tendon of each animal with energy of 0.70 J. The animals were treated 12 h after tendonitis with LED therapy and every 48 h thereafter until euthanasia (at 3, 7, or 14 days). The tendons were dissected and stored in liquid nitrogen at −196 °C, thawed only at the time of immunoenzymatic testing (ELISA). Groups treated with LED showed a decrease in the number of pro-inflammatory cells, IL-6, and TNF-α (p <0.05), and an increase in IL-10 (p < 0.05) when compared to the not OVX group (p < 0.05). It was concluded that low-intensity LED treatment using the parameters and wavelength of 945 nm in the time periods studied reduced the release of IL-6 and TNF-α and increased the release of IL-10, thereby improving the inflammatory response in OVX rats.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Post-graduation Program in Biophotonics Applied to Health Sciences, Universidade Nove de Julho, UNINOVE, São Paulo, SP, Brazil

    Carla Helrigle, Paulo deTarso Camilo de Carvalho, Ernesto Cesar Pinto Leal-Junior, Guilherme Henrique Cardoso Fernandes & Regiane Albertini

  2. Post-graduation Program in Rehabilitation Sciences, Universidade Nove de Julho, UNINOVE, Rua Vergueiro, 235, 01504-001, São Paulo, SP, Brazil

    Paulo deTarso Camilo de Carvalho, Heliodora Leão Casalechi, Ernesto Cesar Pinto Leal-Junior, Ivo de Oliveira Aleixo-Junior & Regiane Albertini

  3. Medical Veterinary Department, Federal University of Goiás-UFG, Jataí, GO, Brazil

    Panmera Almeida Helrigel & Rogério Leão Rabelo

  4. Institute of Science and Technology - ICT, Federal University of São Paulo-Unifesp, São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil

    Flavio Aimbire

Authors
  1. Carla Helrigle
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  8. Ivo de Oliveira Aleixo-Junior
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Paulo deTarso Camilo de Carvalho.

Ethics declarations

For this study, all of the procedures with animals were in accordance with the COBEA CRMV (Regional Council of Veterinary Medicine) and Nove de Julho University (UNINOVE) Research Ethics Committee. The experimental procedures were reviewed and approved by the Ethics in Research on Use of Animals—CEUA Nove de Julho University (UNINOVE) under protocol number An0022/2012.

Conflict of interest

Professor Ernesto Cesar Pinto Leal-Junior received research support from Multi Radiance Medical (Solon, OH, USA), a laser device manufacturer. Multi Radiance Medical had no role in the planning of this study. They had no influence on the study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. The remaining authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.

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Helrigle, C., de Carvalho, P.d.C., Casalechi, H.L. et al. Effects of low-intensity non-coherent light therapy on the inflammatory process in the calcaneal tendon of ovariectomized rats. Lasers Med Sci 31, 33–40 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10103-015-1821-7

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