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Lupus animal models and neuropsychiatric implications

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Abstract

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) that involves neurological complications is known as neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus (NPSLE). Research in humans is difficult due to the disease’s great heterogeneity. Animal models are a resource for new discoveries. In this review, we examine experimental models of lupus that present neuropsychiatric manifestations. Spontaneous animal models such as NZB/W F1 and MRL/lpr are commonly used in NPSLE research; these models present few SLE symptoms compared to induced animal models, such as pristane-induced lupus (PIL). The PIL model is known to present eight of the main clinical and laboratory manifestations of SLE described by the American College of Rheumatology. Many cytokines associated with NPSLE are expressed in the PIL model, such as IL-6, TNF-α, and IFN. However, to date, NPSLE manifestations have been poorly studied in the PIL model. In this review article, we discuss whether the PIL model can mimic neuropsychiatric manifestations of SLE.

Key Points

• PIL model have a strong interferon signature.

• Animals with PIL express learning and memory deficit.

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Acknowledgments

We acknowledge the Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES), Brazil, for a scholarship offered to Thaís Evelyn Karnopp and the Pró-Reitoria de Pesquisa (PROPESQ) of the Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Brazil, for a scholarship offered to Gustavo Flores Chapacais.

Funding

This study was supported by the Research Incentive Fund (FIPE/HCPA: grant no. 18-0246), Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientıfico e Tecnologico Universal (MCTI/CNPQ: grant no. 28/2018), and the Research Support Fund of the Sociedade de Reumatologia do Rio Grande do Sul.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratório de Doenças Autoimunes, Divisão de Reumatologia, Centro de Pesquisas Experimentais, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2350, sala 12109, Porto Alegre, 90035-003, Brazil

    Thaís Evelyn Karnopp, Gustavo Flores Chapacais, Eduarda Correa Freitas & Odirlei André Monticielo

  2. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina: Ciências Médicas, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil

    Thaís Evelyn Karnopp & Odirlei André Monticielo

  3. Serviço de Reumatologia, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil

    Thaís Evelyn Karnopp, Gustavo Flores Chapacais, Eduarda Correa Freitas & Odirlei André Monticielo

  4. Curso de Graduação em Biomedicina, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil

    Gustavo Flores Chapacais

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  3. Eduarda Correa Freitas
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  4. Odirlei André Monticielo
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Correspondence to Thaís Evelyn Karnopp.

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Karnopp, T.E., Chapacais, G.F., Freitas, E.C. et al. Lupus animal models and neuropsychiatric implications. Clin Rheumatol 40, 2535–2545 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10067-020-05493-7

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