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Experimental investigation on stress-induced failure in D-shaped hard rock tunnel under water-bearing and true triaxial compression conditions

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Abstract

To investigate the influence of water on stress-induced failure in D-shaped hard rock tunnels, a series of true triaxial tests were performed on naturally saturated red sandstone cube samples containing a D-shaped hole. A self-developed real-time monitoring device was used to observe and record hole failure in real time, and the process and characteristics of stress-induced failure in D-shaped holes were summarized. The influence of water on failure form, energy storage properties, surrounding rock stability, and axial stress on the stability of the surrounding rock was discussed, and the mechanism of water on stress-induced failure was revealed. The results show that the stress-induced failure in a water-bearing D-shaped tunnel can be divided into buckling deformation, tension cracking, macrocrack propagation and coalescence, and slab flaking. The dominant failure mode of the stress-induced changes from tension around the tunnel to shear of the surrounding rock in depth. A quiet period exists between two adjacent significant AE counts, and the length of the quiet period increases as the two horizontal principal stresses increase. Under the influence of water, the capacity of the surrounding rock to store elastic strain energy decreases, and the dissipated energy required for deformation and failure increases; the form of stress-induced failure changes from spalling accompanied by occasional rockburst to spalling. The increase in lateral stress can enhance the stability of the surrounding rock, and the influence of axial stress on the stability of the surrounding rock is related to the magnitude of lateral stress.

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Funding

This work has been supported by the Projection of National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 42077244, 52104133), the Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province (Grant No. 2021JJ40465), the Opening Foundation of the State Key Laboratory of Mining Response and Disaster Prevention and Control in Deep Coal Mines (Grant No. SKLMRDPC20KF03), and the Research Project of Education Department of Hunan Province (Grant No. 20C1623).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Resources Environment and Safety Engineering, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, China

    Yong Luo

  2. School of Civil Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, China

    Fengqiang Gong

  3. State Key Laboratory of Mining Response and Disaster Prevention and Control in Deep Coal Mines, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, 232001, China

    Yong Luo & Chuanqi Zhu

  4. Hunan Province Engineering Technology Research Center for Disaster Prediction and Control On Mining Geotechnical Engineering, Hengyang, 421001, China

    Yong Luo

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  1. Yong Luo
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  2. Fengqiang Gong
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Correspondence to Fengqiang Gong.

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Luo, Y., Gong, F. & Zhu, C. Experimental investigation on stress-induced failure in D-shaped hard rock tunnel under water-bearing and true triaxial compression conditions. Bull Eng Geol Environ 81, 76 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10064-021-02564-0

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