Abstract
The electrochemical properties of LaNi0.6Co0.4O3-δ–Ce0.9Gd0.1O1.95 composite electrodes as a function of temperature and p(O2) were investigated by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The area-specific conductivity, σE, of the composite electrodes was found higher than the porous LaNi0.6Co0.4O3-δ electrode. The σE greatly depends on their volume ratios, where 70% LaNi0.6Co0.4O3-δ-30% Ce0.9Gd0.1O1.95 showed the highest σE among the compositions. The effective reaction length (lc) of the composite electrodes was estimated by taking the ratio of the calculated capacitance from the impedance analysis to the volume-specific chemical capacitance of LaNi0.6Co0.4O3-δ electrode. The lc is independent of the volume ratio of the composite electrode although the σE greatly depends on their volume ratios, meaning that the lc is independent to the enhancement of σE. Semi-quantitative analysis on the transport properties indicated that the enhancement of the ionic conducting pathway was not the only reason for the enhancement of the electrochemical properties, but also the surface reaction rate of LaNi0.6Co0.4O3-δ was expected to enhance upon contact with Ce0.9Gd0.1O1.95 phase.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Adler SB (2004) Factor governing oxygen reduction in solid oxide fuel cell cathodes. Chem Rev 104(10):4791–4844
Mizusaki J, Mima Y, Yamauchi S, Fueki K, Tagawa H (1989) Nonstoichiometry of the perovskite-type oxides La1-xSrxCoO3-δ. J Solid State Chem 80(19):102–111
Hayd J, Dieterle L, Guntow U, Gerthsen D, Tiffee EI (2011) Nanoscaled La0.6Sr0.4CoO3-δ as intermediate temperature solid oxide fuel cell cathode : microstructure and electrochemical performance. J Power Sources 196(17):7263–7270
Rupp GM, Opitz AK, Nenning A, Limbeck A, Fleig J (2017) Real-time impedance monitoring of oxygen reduction during surface modification of thin film cathodes. Nat Mat 16(6):640–645
Hjalmarsson P, Sogaard M, Hagen A, Mogensen M (2008) Structural properties and electrochemical performance of strontium- and nickel-substituted lanthanum cobaltite. Solid State Ionics 179(17-18):636–646
Uzumaki Y, Hashimoto S, Nakamura T, Yashiro K, Amezawa K, Kawada T (2013) Oxygen nonstoichiometry and electrochemical properties in a thin film of nickel substituted lanthanum cobaltite for SOFCs. ECS Trans 57(1):1893–1899
Budiman RA, Uzumaki Y, Hong HJ, Miyazaki T, Hashimoto S, Nakamura T, Yashiro K, Amezawa K, Kawada T (2016) Oxygen nonstoichiometry and transport properties of LaNi0.6Co0.4O3−δ. Solid State Ionics 292:52–58
Hjalmarsson P, Mogensen M (2011) La0.99Co0.4Ni0.6O3−δ–Ce0.8Gd0.2O1.95 as composite cathode for solid oxide fuel cells. J Power Sources 196(17):7237–7244
Adler SB, Lane JA, Steele BCH (1996) Electrode kinetics of porous mixed-conducting oxygen electrodes. J Electrochem Soc 143(11):3554–3564
Dusastre V, Kilner JA (1999) Optimisation of composite cathodes for intermediate temperature SOFC applications. Solid State ionic 126(1–2):163–174
Liu M, Wu Z (1998) Significance of interfaces in solid-state cells with porous electrodes of mixed ionic–electronic conductors. Solid State Ionics 107(1-2):105–110
Bevilacqua M, Montini T, Tavagnacco C, Fonda E, Fornasiero P, Graziani M (2007) Preparation, characterization, and electrochemical properties of pure and composite LaNi0.6Fe0.4O3-based cathodes for IT-SOFC. Chem Mater 19(24):5926–5936
Kim JD, Kim GD, Moon JW, Park YI, Lee WH, Kobayashi K, Nagai M, Kim CE (2001) Characterization of LSM–YSZ composite electrode by ac impedance spectroscopy. Solid State Ionics 143(3-4):379–389
Fu C, Sun K, Zhang N, Chen X, Zhou D (2007) Electrochemical characteristics of LSCF–SDC composite cathode for intermediate temperature SOFC. Electrochim Acta 52(13):4589–4594
Xu X, Jiang Z, Fan X, Xia C (2006) LSM–SDC electrodes fabricated with an ion-impregnating process for SOFCs with doped ceria electrolytes. Solid State Ionics 177(19-25):2113–2117
Murray EP, Sever MJ, Barnett SA (2002) Electrochemical performance of (La,Sr)(Co,Fe)O3–(Ce,Gd)O3 composite cathodes. Solid State Ionic 148(1-2):27–34
Kim YT, Shikazono N (2017) Investigation of La0.6Sr0.4CoO3− δ–Ce0.9Gd0.1O1.95 composite cathodes with different volume ratios by three dimensional reconstruction. Solid State Ionics 309:77–85
Watanabe H (2012) Determination of electrochemically active thickness of a porous mixed ionic and electronic conducting electrode. PhD thesis, Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Tohoku University
Kawada T, Yashiro K, Hashimoto S (2015) 中低温作動SOFCカソードの基礎物性と組織・界面設計. Electrochemistry 83(9):739–745
Kawada T, Suzuki J, Sase M, Kaimai A, Yashiro K, Nigara Y, Mizusaki J, Kawamura K, Yugami H (2002) Determination of oxygen vacancy concentration in a thin film of La0.6Sr0.4CoO3 − δ by an electrochemical method. J Electrochem Soc 149(7):E252–E259
Jamnik J, Maier J (2001) Generalised equivalent circuits for mass and charge transport : chemical capacitance and its implication. Phys Chem Chem Phys 3(9):1668–1678
Yashiro K, Onuma S, Kaimai A, Nigara Y, Kawada T, Mizusaki J, Kawamura K, Horita T, Yokokawa H (2002) Mass transport properties of Ce0.9Gd0.1O2-δ at the surface and in the bulk. Solid State Ionics 152-153:469–476
Lane JA, Kilner JA (2000) Oxygen surface exchange on gadolinia doped ceria. Solid State Ionics 136-137(1-2):927–932
Hong T, Zhang L, Chen F, Xia C (2012) Oxygen surface exchange properties of La0.6Sr0.4Co0.8Fe0.2O3 − δ coated with SmxCe1 − xO2 – δ. J Power Sources 218:254–260
Budiman RA, Hashimoto S, Nakamura T, Yashiro K, Bagarinao KD, Kishimoto H, Yamaji K, Horita T, Amezawa K, Kawada T (2017) Oxygen reduction reaction process of LaNi0.6Fe0.4O3 − δ film – porous Ce0.9Gd0.1O1.95 heterostructure electrode. Solid State Ionic 312:80–87
Saher S, Naqash S, Boukamp BA, Hu B, Xia C, Bouwmeester HJM (2017) Influence of ionic conductivity of the nano-particulate coating phase on oxygen surface exchange of La0.58Sr0.4Co0.2Fe0.8O3−δ. J Mater Chem A 5(10):4991–4999
Funding
This work was supported by Japan Science and Technology, Japan, as part of “Phase Interface Science for Highly Efficient Energy Utilization” project in strategic basic research program, JST-CREST Grant (JPMJCR11C1).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Budiman, R.A., Uzumaki, Y., Hashimoto, S. et al. Electrochemical performance of LaNi0.6Co0.4O3-δ–Ce0.9Gd0.1O1.95 composite electrode and evaluation of its effective reaction length. J Solid State Electrochem 22, 3955–3963 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10008-018-4102-0
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10008-018-4102-0