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Direct and indirect electrochemical oxidation of Indigo Carmine using PbO2 and TiRuSnO2

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Abstract

In this paper, the electrocatalytic properties of PbO2 and TiRuSnO2 anodes for direct and indirect electrochemical oxidation of a synthetic solution containing Indigo Carmine (IC) were compared. The electrolysis was performed using an electrolytic flow cell with parallel-plate electrodes and the progresses of oxidation were monitored by UV-vis and COD measurements. The effects of several operating parameters such as electrode material, current intensity, initial dye concentration, and pH on the degradation rate and current efficiency were determined. Some economic considerations were also taken into account. With both electrodes, IC removal was satisfactory described by a pseudo-first-order kinetic and the rate constant increased with applied current, chloride concentration and decreased with initial IC concentration. During direct electrolysis, PbO2 provided a faster oxidation rate, higher current efficiency, and lower energy consumption than TiRuSnO2 anode. On the contrary, in the presence of 825 ppm of NaCl, the TiRuSnO2 anode that has higher electrocatalytic activity for chlorine evolution was more efficient than PbO2.

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Acknowledgments

The authors acknowledge University of Gabes (Tunisia) for providing partial financial support to accomplish this research work.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Unité de Recherche Electrochimie, Matériaux et Environnement (UREME), Faculté des Sciences de Gabès, Université de Gabès, Cité Erriadh, 6072, Gabès, Tunisia

    Lazhar Labiadh, Abdellatif Gadri & Salah Ammar

  2. Laboratoire de Photovoltaïque, Centre des Recherches et des Technologies de l′énergie, Technopole Borj Cedria, BP 95, 2050, Hammam-Lif, Tunisia

    Lazhar Labiadh & Salah Ammar

  3. Department of Civil, Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Genoa, P. le J.F. Kennedy 1, 16129, Genoa, Italy

    Antonio Barbucci, Maria Paola Carpanese & Marco Panizza

  4. Département de Chimie, Faculté des Sciences de Bizerte, Université de Carthage, 7021, Jarzouna, Tunisia

    Salah Ammar

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  1. Lazhar Labiadh
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  2. Antonio Barbucci
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  3. Maria Paola Carpanese
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  4. Abdellatif Gadri
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Correspondence to Marco Panizza.

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Labiadh, L., Barbucci, A., Carpanese, M.P. et al. Direct and indirect electrochemical oxidation of Indigo Carmine using PbO2 and TiRuSnO2 . J Solid State Electrochem 21, 2167–2175 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10008-017-3559-6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10008-017-3559-6

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