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Titanium phosphates as positive electrode in lithium-ion batteries: composition, phase purity and electrochemical performance

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Abstract

Titanium phosphate materials were synthesized by evaporation-induced self assembly method by using Ti(OC4H9)4 and PCl3, in the presence of Pluronic (P123) as a non-ionic surfactant template. The molar ratios of P/Ti and the heat treatment of the materials affected their structures, particle geometries and electrochemical performances as indicated by X-ray powder diffraction, thermal gravimetric analysis, scanning electron and transmission electron microscopy and other electrochemical techniques. As expected, increasing the temperature to 800 °C for 3 h resulted in losing the mesoporosity and generally led to a decrease in capacity of these materials. Cyclic voltammetry showed that TiP2O7 is formed at 500 °C for 10 h at a molar ratio P/Ti = 0.412 as amorphous phase. On the other hand, at molar ratio P/Ti = 2.06 showed sharp peaks indicated TiP2O7 transformed into crystalline material showed lower peak separation potential indicated that kinetic reactions might be favored.

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Acknowledgements

A. Attia thanks Xiamen University for the financial support during the course of this work. This work was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (grant no. 20873115 and no. 90606015) and the National Basic Research Program of China (973 program, grant no. 2007CB209702).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China

    Adel Attia, Qiong Wang, Xingkang Huang & Yong Yang

  2. Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China

    Adel Attia, Qiong Wang, Xingkang Huang & Yong Yang

  3. Department of Physical Chemistry, National Research Centre, El Buhouth St., Dokki, 12311, Cairo, Egypt

    Adel Attia

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  1. Adel Attia
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  2. Qiong Wang
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Correspondence to Adel Attia or Yong Yang.

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Adel Attia is on leave from the National Research Centre, El-Buhooth St., Dokki 12311, Cairo, Egypt.

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Attia, A., Wang, Q., Huang, X. et al. Titanium phosphates as positive electrode in lithium-ion batteries: composition, phase purity and electrochemical performance. J Solid State Electrochem 16, 1461–1471 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10008-011-1543-0

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