Abstract
We present an integrated analysis concerning common aspects of various type insertion processes (cation intercalation in a host material, hydrogen sorption by metals), supplemented by the host volume expansion, staging, or restructuring. A description of such processes requires investigation of the coupling between the insertion statistics and the elastic properties of the host matrix. Various models for the coupling are reviewed. We show that the standard Frumkin isotherm has to be modified to take into account the stress and strain fields appearing upon the guest insertion, as well as the host-mediated interaction between them. Recent applications of such an approach to various systems are discussed. The equilibrium as well as transport properties are considered. For the collective diffusion, the driving force is not only the concentration gradient, but also the stress and strain gradients. The latter may have a local or a non-local character, which results in a non-Fickian diffusion detected experimentally. The thermodynamics of intercalation into disordered matrices is analyzed in terms of the maximum entropy principle combined with the distortive lattice gas model. Recent experimental results on the ionic insertion into disordered matrices are analyzed in this light.
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Vakarin, E.V., Badiali, J.P. Towards a unified description of the host–guest coupling in the course of insertion processes. J Solid State Electrochem 15, 917–929 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10008-010-1086-9
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10008-010-1086-9