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Calculation of conductive polymer-based SO2 and SO3 gas sensor mechanisms by using the DFT method

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Abstract

In this study, we carried out with the DTP (dithieno(3,2-b:2,3-d) pyrrole) molecule which is a member of the conductive polymer class that is one of the topics that have been studied prevalently in recent times, and the density functional theory’s (DFT) calculation methods were used to shed light on the sensor mechanisms of its interactions with SOx (SO2 and SO3) sulfur oxides. The changes in the geometric and electronic characteristics of a sensor mechanism designed with the DTP molecule when it encountered sulfur oxides were examined. With these changes, the usability of DTP as a sensor material was proven. DTP sensor applications using this method were not investigated in previous studies. The B3LYP 6–31 G(d) levels of DFT were used in the calculations. In the calculations, during the interaction between analyte (SO2-SO3) and the conductive polymer DTP (dithieno(3,2-b:2,3-d) pyrrole), especially, the changes in its geometric and electronic structures were observed. With these changes that were observed in the geometric structure, as a result of the interaction between the conductive polymer and gas molecules, the resistance on the polymer’s main chain decreased, and conductivity increased. Calculations on the bandgap on HOMO-LUMO energy levels were observed to decrease. Thus, the structural conductivity of the molecule increased. Additionally, the experiments showed that, as a result of interaction with gas molecules, the bandgap in the ionization potential, electron affinity, and HOMO-LUMO energy levels varied. These variations showed the detection mechanisms for sulfur oxides by the DTP (dithieno(3,2-b:2,3-d) pyrrole) molecule that may be used to design sensors.

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Funding

This study was financially supported by the Karamanoglu Mehmetbey University Research Foundation (grant number 14-M-17; 02-YL-18).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Pharmacy Services, Karamanoglu Mehmetbey University, 70200, Karaman, Turkey

    Hacer AZAK

  2. Physics Department, Karamanoglu Mehmetbey University, 70200, Karaman, Turkey

    Resul GORGUL, Burak TEKIN & Murat YILDIZ

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  1. Hacer AZAK
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  2. Resul GORGUL
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  3. Burak TEKIN
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  4. Murat YILDIZ
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Correspondence to Hacer AZAK.

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Highlights

• We theoretically studied the interactions of SO2 and SO3 with conductive polymer through DFT calculations.

• Geometric optimization orbital analysis and UV-VIS results were calculated theoretically.

• The results show dithieno(3,2-b:2,3-d) pyrrole (DTP) that is a member of the conductive polymer class interacts strongly with SO2 and SO3 gas molecules and can be used in gas sensors.

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AZAK, H., GORGUL, R., TEKIN, B. et al. Calculation of conductive polymer-based SO2 and SO3 gas sensor mechanisms by using the DFT method. J Mol Model 25, 367 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00894-019-4219-9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00894-019-4219-9

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