Abstract
Antarctica harbors a microbial diversity still poorly explored and of inestimable biotechnological value. Cold-adapted microorganisms can produce a diverse range of metabolites stable at low temperatures, making these compounds industrially interesting for biotechnological use. The present work investigated the biotechnological potential for antimicrobial and antitumor activity of filamentous fungi and bacteria isolated from marine sediment samples collected at Deception Island, Antarctica. A total of 89 microbial isolates were recovered from marine sediments and submitted to an initial screening for l-glutaminase with antitumoral activity and for antimicrobial metabolites. The isolates Pseudogymnoascus sp. FDG01, Pseudogymnoascus sp. FDG02, and Penicillium sp. FAD33 showed potential antiproliferative action against human pancreatic carcinoma cells while showing no toxic effect on non-tumor cells. The microbial extracts from unidentified three bacteria and four filamentous fungi showed antibacterial activity against at least one tested pathogenic bacterial strain. The isolate FDG01 inhibited four bacterial species, while the isolate FDG01 was active against Micrococcus luteus in the minimal inhibitory concentration of 0.015625 μg mL −1. The results pave the way for further optimization of enzyme production and characterization of enzymes and metabolites found and reaffirm Antarctic marine environments as a wealthy source of compounds potentially applicable in the healthcare and pharmaceutical industry.
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Acknowledgements
This work was supported by the Institutional Program Priority Latin America and the Caribbean EDITAL PRPPG Nº 105/2020 and by the Institutional Program Triple Schedule EDITAL PRPPG Nº 205/2021. The authors are grateful to CNPq PROANTAR 442258/2018-6, Productivity Research Grant Process number 309807/2020-4, CAPES FAPEMIG, INCT Criosfera and FNDCT.
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Camacho, K.F., de Melo Carlos, L., Bernal, S.P.F. et al. Antarctic marine sediment as a source of filamentous fungi-derived antimicrobial and antitumor compounds of pharmaceutical interest. Extremophiles 28, 21 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00792-024-01339-1
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00792-024-01339-1