Abstract
The aim of this study was to survey marine Actinomycetia (former class Actinobacteria) from nearshore sediments in Kaohsiung Harbor and deep-sea sediments in the Bashi Channel, and to screen them for their abilities to produce metabolites with antimicrobial and cytotoxic activities. A total of 811 actinomycetes were isolated from six marine sediment samples; 70 isolates (8.63%) showed antimicrobial activity using the agar plug method against at least one of two test strains of Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus. Twenty-two isolates that displayed high antimicrobial activity were selected for 16S rDNA sequencing and seawater requirement assays. Phylogenetic analysis of the sequences indicated that these isolates were members of the Streptomycetaceae family (1 isolate) and five actinomycete genera: Streptomyces (15), Actinoalloteichus (2), Saccharomonospora (2), Saccharopolyspora (1), and Nocardiopsis (1). Significantly different actinomycete populations were found in the nearshore and deep-sea sediments. Fourteen isolates (63.6%) were found to be obligate marine bacteria, and 2 (9.1%) isolates showed better growth in the presence of seawater. Two isolates, BC01-N-GI05 and BC01-N-MA22, which exhibited antimicrobial activity against at least four test microorganisms as well as strong cytotoxicity (IC50 ≤ 1 μg/mL) against at least two cancer cell lines, were deemed good candidates for further natural product isolation and characterization of bioactive components. Our results suggest that marine sediments from Kaohsiung Harbor and the Bashi Channel could be promising sources of antibiotic-producing Actinomycetia.
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Abbreviations
- AIA:
-
Actinomycete isolation agar
- BCRC:
-
Bioresource Collection and Research Center
- FIRDI:
-
Food Industry Research and Development Institute
- GI:
-
Gause modified agar Ι
- GII:
-
Gause modified agar ΙI
- HL-60:
-
Human promyelocytic leukemia
- IC50 :
-
Half maximal inhibitory concentration
- K-562:
-
Human chronic myelogenous leukemia
- MA:
-
Marine agar
- Molt-4:
-
Human acute lymphoblastic leukemia
- RDP:
-
Ribosomal Data Project
- SA:
-
Soil agar
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This work was supported by a grant from Taiwan’s Ministry of Science and Technology (MOST105-2611-M-291-007) and intramural funding from the National Museum of Marine Biology and Aquarium.
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Kuo, J., Chen, KT., Lu, MC. et al. Screening of marine Actinomycetia with bioactive metabolites from nearshore and deep sea marine sediments in southwestern Taiwan. Biologia 78, 2551–2562 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11756-023-01397-4
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11756-023-01397-4