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Increases of heat shock proteins and their mRNAs at high hydrostatic pressure in a deep-sea piezophilic bacterium, Shewanella violacea

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Abstract

When non-extremophiles encounter extreme environmental conditions, which are natural for the extremophiles, stress reactions, e.g., expression of heat shock proteins (HSPs), are thought to be induced for survival. To understand how the extremophiles live in such extreme environments, we studied the effects of high hydrostatic pressure on cellular contents of HSPs and their mRNAs during growth in a piezophilic bacterium, Shewanella violacea. HSPs increased at high hydrostatic pressures even when optimal for growth. The mRNAs and proteins of these HSPs significantly increased at higher hydrostatic pressure in S. violacea. In the non-piezophilic Escherichia coli, however, their mRNAs decreased, while their proteins did not change. Several transcriptional start sites (TSSs) for HSP genes were determined by the primer extension method and some of them showed hydrostatic pressure-dependent increase of the mRNAs. A major refolding target of one of the HSPs, chaperonin, at high hydrostatic pressure was shown to be RplB, a subunit of the 50S ribosome. These results suggested that in S. violacea, HSPs play essential roles, e.g., maintaining protein complex machinery including ribosomes, in the growth and viability at high hydrostatic pressure, and that, in their expression, the transcription is under the control of σ32.

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Acknowledgments

This study was supported by a grant from the 21st Century COE Program, Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology. We thank A. Ishihama (Nippon Institute for Biological Science) for providing the σ32 antibody, and A. Nishimura and T. Uehara (Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Aomori University) for a gift of the HscA antibody. We also thank Dr. H. Kuramitsu for editing the manuscript.

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  1. Hiroshi Sato

    Present address: Tokyo Research Center, Tosoh Corporation, 2743-1 Hayakawa, Ayase-shi, Kanagawa, 252-1123, Japan

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biological Information, Graduate School of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta-cho, Midoriku, Yokohama, 226-8501, Japan

    Hiroshi Sato

  2. Department of Marine Biodiversity Research, Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology, 2-15 Natsushima-cho, Yokosuka, 237-0061, Japan

    Hiroshi Sato, Takao Yoshida & Chiaki Kato

  3. Department of Chemistry and Environmental Technology, School of Engineering, Kinki University, 1 Umenobe Takaya, Higashi-Hiroshima, 739-2116, Japan

    Kaoru Nakasone

  4. Research and Development Center for Marine Biosciences, Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology, 2-15 Natsushima-cho, Yokosuka, 237-0061, Japan

    Tadashi Maruyama

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  1. Hiroshi Sato
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Correspondence to Tadashi Maruyama.

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Communicated by F. Robb.

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Sato, H., Nakasone, K., Yoshida, T. et al. Increases of heat shock proteins and their mRNAs at high hydrostatic pressure in a deep-sea piezophilic bacterium, Shewanella violacea . Extremophiles 19, 751–762 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00792-015-0751-4

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