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Impact of periodontal status on the oral mucositis in patients receiving high-dose chemotherapy

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Abstract

Objectives

Oral mucositis (OM) is a frequent complication of cancer treatments. Oral mucositis and periodontal disease have a common inflammatory pattern. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the OM and its association with periodontal status in patients with hematologic malignancies who undergo high-dose chemotherapy.

Materials and methods

Fifty-five patients who received high-dose chemotherapy were included in the study. Full-mouth periodontal clinical measurements including plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), clinical attachment level (CAL), and probing depth (PD) values were recorded before the condition chemotherapy regime. OM monitoring was initiated 1 day after the chemotherapy and maintained for 20 days.

Results

Twenty-two of patients (40%) were observed oral mucositis after high-dose chemotherapy. Patients with mucositis had significantly higher GI scores than those who did not have mucositis (p < 0.05). There was a significantly moderate positive correlation between the grade of mucositis and GI scores (p < 0.05). In patients with periodontitis, the incidence of grade 1–2 mucositis was significantly higher than in the healthy group (p < 0.05). In individuals with periodontitis and gingivitis, the healing duration of mucositis was significantly longer than the healthy group (p < 0.05).

Conclusions

The results of this study showed that the severity grades of oral mucositis may increase in patients with gingival inflammation. The results also suggest that periodontal diseases may have a significant impact on the duration of oral mucositis.

Clinical relevance

The current study contributes to our understanding of the importance of oral health status in reducing the occurrence, severity, and duration of OM in hematological cancer patients treated with high-dose chemotherapy.

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Acknowledgements

Thanks to the staff of Turgut Ozal Medical Center Department of hematology for their cooperation.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Inonu University, 44280, Malatya, Turkey

    Arife Sabancı

  2. Department of Periodontology, Karatekin University, Çankırı, Turkey

    Basak Karasu

  3. Department of Internal Medicine, Inonu University, Malatya, Turkey

    Halil Ibrahim Sabancı

  4. Department of Internal Medicine - Hematology, Inonu University, Malatya, Turkey

    İrfan Kuku

  5. Department of Periodontology, Inonu University, Malatya, Turkey

    Omer Alperen Kırmızıgul

Authors
  1. Arife Sabancı
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  2. Basak Karasu
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  3. Halil Ibrahim Sabancı
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  4. İrfan Kuku
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  5. Omer Alperen Kırmızıgul
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Contributions

All authors contributed to the study conception and design. Material preparation, data collection, and analysis were performed by Arife Sabancı, Irfan Kuku, and Halil Sabancı. The first draft of the manuscript was written by Basak Karasu and Omer Alperen Kirmizigul. All authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Arife Sabancı.

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Ethics approval

This study was approved by Clinical Research Ethics Committee of Health Sciences, İnönü University, Malatya, Turkey (#2021/111).

Informed consent

A written consent form was obtained from each participant prior to the initiation of research protocols.

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The authors declare no competing interests.

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Sabancı, A., Karasu, B., Sabancı, H.I. et al. Impact of periodontal status on the oral mucositis in patients receiving high-dose chemotherapy. Clin Oral Invest 26, 6341–6346 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-022-04588-6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-022-04588-6

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