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Effects of mechanical force on proliferation and apoptosis of stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth

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Abstract

Objectives

This study was designed to explore the effects of mechanical force on the proliferation, apoptosis, and morphology of stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous tooth pulp (SHEDs).

Materials and methods

Caries-free stranded deciduous teeth were extracted, and SHEDs were isolated through enzymatic digestion. The cultured SHEDs were subjected to different levels of mechanical stimuli (0, 100, 200, and 300 g) for 7 days (30 min/day) using external centrifugal force. Cell proliferation was evaluated with the CCK-8 assay, and the cell cycle and apoptosis were assessed by flow cytometry. The cell morphology was examined using transmission electron microscopy.

Results

Cell proliferation assay showed no differences between the three stimulation groups and the control group in day 1 to day 3. From the 4th day, cell proliferation was significantly lower in the mechanical force groups than in the control group, but no significant difference was observed among the three mechanical force groups. Besides, there was no significant difference in cell apoptosis among the four groups for 7 days. On day 7 after stimulation, the SHEDs were shrunken, with significantly increased isochromosome in the nucleus and an increase in lysosomes.

Conclusions

Mechanical force can inhibit the proliferation and affect morphology of SHEDs, but it has no effect on cell apoptosis.

Clinical relevance

Mechanical force stimulation significantly inhibited cell proliferation of SHEDs. Mechanical force stimulation had no significant effect on cell apoptosis of SHEDs. The morphology and ultrastructure of SHEDs changed after mechanical force stimulation.

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Funding

This work was supported by Medical Scientific Research Foundation of Guangdong Province of China (No. A2019295).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, Guangdong, China

    Qiong Liu, Hong Qian, Fei Ren, Jingxiao Fang, Fang Liu, Hedi Liu & Jianying Liang

  2. Department of Prosthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350002, Fujian, China

    Hao Yu

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  1. Qiong Liu
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Correspondence to Hong Qian.

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Ethics approval

This study was approved by Ethics Committee of Stomatological Hospital of Southern Medical University (EC-CT- [2019] 05).

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Both the children and their guardians agreed to donate human exfoliated deciduous teeth.

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The authors declare no competing interests.

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Liu, Q., Qian, H., Yu, H. et al. Effects of mechanical force on proliferation and apoptosis of stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth. Clin Oral Invest 26, 5205–5213 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-022-04488-9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-022-04488-9

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